Anthropogenic (Man Made Material Processed By Nature)

Biotite Schist (likely)

Biotite Schist (rock), Biotite (mineral)

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Quartz (likely Milky Quartz)

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Diamond

Diamond (C)

Red Jasper (Opaque Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite (Fe2O3) inclusions

Black Tourmaline (Schorl)

Schorl (Na(Fe²⁺)₃Al₆(BO₃)₃Si₆O₁₈(OH)₄)

Orange Calcite (likely polished specimen)

Calcite

Fossiliferous Rock (likely Dinosaur Fossil in Matrix)

Permineralized Vertebrate Fossil (Calcium Carbonate/Silica replaced bone material)

Quartz (chalcedony variety) or Limestone with Quartz Veins

SiO2 (for Quartz/Chalcedony); CaCO3 (for Limestone)

Weathered granite cobble

Granite (quartz–feldspar–mica rock; commonly containing quartz, K-feldspar, plagioclase, and biotite)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂)

Quartz (likely) / Siliceous rock with quartz phenocrysts (if a rock fragment)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Chrysoprase

Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz) with nickel inclusions; SiO2

Sandstone

Arenite (general term for sandstone)

Quartz (likely a weathered/tumbled piece)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Calcite

Calcite (Mineral; CaCO₃)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Clear Quartz (or Rock Crystal)

Quartz (SiO₂ - Silicon Dioxide)

Bloodstone / Heliotrope

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions

Quartzite

Quartzite (Primary mineral: Quartz, SiO2)

Lapis Lazuli

A metamorphic rock primarily composed of lazurite (Na,Ca)8[(S,SO4,Cl)2|(Al6Si6O24)], calcite (CaCO3), and pyrite (FeS2).

Cat's Eye Moonstone (Simulated/Synthetic or natural Cat's Eye Quartz/Glass)

There is no single scientific name. The appearance suggests either: Moonstone (feldspar group), Cat's Eye Quartz (SiO2), Apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)), or most likely a synthetic material such as Fiber Optic Glass or 'Opalite' (a type of glass).

Likely serpentine (serpentinite) pebbles

Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite, lizardite, and/or chrysotile; commonly Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄, sometimes containing magnetite, chromite, and minor carbonate minerals

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - a variety of Chalcedony (Cryptocrystalline Quartz)

Golden Sheen Obsidian

Obsidian (volcanic glass) with inclusions of gas bubbles and mineral crystals (e.g., hematite, magnetite) causing the sheen

River Rock

Sedimentary Rock (various compositions)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Granite

Granite (a felsic intrusive igneous rock)

Banded Iron Formation (BIF) with Quartz

Banded Iron Formation, often composed of alternating layers of hematite (Fe2O3) or magnetite (Fe3O4) and chert (microcrystalline quartz, SiO2)

Muscovite Mica

Muscovite (KAl₂(AlSi₃O₁₀)(F,OH)₂))

Granite

Granite (a common rock type, not a single mineral; composed primarily of Quartz, Feldspar (Orthoclase and Plagioclase), and Mica (Biotite and/or Muscovite) and/or Amphibole)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (pronounced "nice")

Milky Quartz

Quartz (SiO₂)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite

Sandstone

Sandstone (clastic sedimentary rock)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2)

Diamond (Rough)

Diamond (C)

Basalt

Basalt (extrusive igneous rock)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (pronounced "nice")

Slate

Slate (a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock). Mineral composition: Primarily composed of mica minerals (muscovite, chlorite, sericite) and quartz, with minor amounts of hematite, pyrite, and other accessory minerals.