Anthropogenic Material

Synthetic Zinc/Polycarbonate Composite (Bey-specimen)

Zinc Alloy (Zamak 3) with Polycarbonate (C15H16O2)n Overlay

Ferrous Slag

Fused calcium-iron silicates (Industrial Slag)

Iron Slag

Iron smelting byproduct (Glassy/vesicular silicate)

Build-A-Bear Plush (Non-Geological)

Polyester fibers (C10H8O4)n and Synthetic Polymers

Slag Glass (Cullet)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metal oxide colorants

Sea Glass (Kelly Green)

Amorphous Silica (Silicon Dioxide with Iron/Chromium additives)

Sea Glass (Frosted Glass)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with various additives

Rhinestone

Artificial Glass/Crystal

Painted Garden Rock (likely Granite or Limestone base)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) / Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) based substrate with Acrylic/Enamel pigments

Sea Glass (Cobalt Blue)

Amorphous Silica (Glass with Cobalt additives)

South Korean 100 Won Coin (Cupronickel)

Cupronickel Alloy (75% Cu, 25% Ni)

Petrified Wood

Petrified Wood (Silicified Wood)

Petrified Wood

Fossilized plant material (Silicon dioxide - SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Agatized or Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Agatized or Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Slag Glass

Vitreous Silicate Residue

Efflorescence (on Clay Brick)

Crystalline salt deposits (typically Sodium Sulfate Na2SO4, Calcium Carbonate CaCO3, or Potassium Sulfate K2SO4)

Sea Glass (Teal/Turquoise)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with trace metal oxides

Sea Glass (Turquoise/Aqua)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with transition metal dopants

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood

Note: This is a Man-Made Object (Costume/Prop Patch)

Synthetic fiber and pigments (Cellulose/Plastic-based composite)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (Permineralized wood)

Petrified Wood

Fossilized wood, permineralized wood (typically composed of SiO2)

Pale quartz-rich stone, possibly calcite

Likely quartz (SiO₂) or calcite (CaCO₃); image resolution prevents confident separation

Sandstone

Sedimentary rock composed mainly of quartz sand

Sandstone

Sedimentary Clastic Rock

Likely red jasper or iron-rich chert fragments

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), colored by hematite/goethite; exact identification requires testing

Petrified Wood

Fossilized wood / Silicified wood

Fossil-bearing sedimentary rock (possible bone or shell fossil)

Unidentified fossiliferous sedimentary matrix; exact fossil and host rock cannot be determined from the image

Fossilized wood fragment

Petrified wood; commonly silicified fossil wood (SiO₂ replacing organic tissue)

Red cabochon gemstone ring (likely glass or synthetic stone)

Undetermined; the image does not establish a natural mineral identity

Fossilized bivalve shell fragment

Calcitic shell material, commonly Arca or related marine bivalve; primarily CaCO₃

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz arenite)

Sandstone

Sandstone (SiO2-rich clastic sedimentary rock)

Coquina (Fossiliferous Limestone)

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Granite / Gneiss (Coarse-Grained Felsic Rock)

Granite (Quartz-Feldspar-Mica aggregate)

Yellow-brown jasper (likely iron-stained chert)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly called jasper when opaque and colored by impurities

Polished Bumblebee jasper

Bumblebee jasper (calcite–orpiment/realgar-rich volcanic material; composition varies)

Tiger’s-eye (likely a polished or carved tiger’s-eye piece)

Quartz variety with fibrous crocidolite-replacement structure; SiO₂

White marble religious statuette

Marble, predominantly recrystallized calcite (CaCO₃); the image cannot establish the exact stone or whether it is marble rather than another white stone.

Quartz-bearing pegmatitic rock, likely quartz–feldspar–mica specimen

Granitic pegmatite; primarily quartz (SiO₂), feldspar, and mica, with possible iron-oxide staining