Anthropogenic Material

Petrified Wood

Fossilized plant material (Silicon dioxide - SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Agatized or Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Agatized or Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Note: This is a Man-Made Object (Costume/Prop Patch)

Synthetic fiber and pigments (Cellulose/Plastic-based composite)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (Permineralized wood)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood

Petrified Wood

Fossilized wood, permineralized wood (typically composed of SiO2)

Likely red jasper or iron-rich chert fragments

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), colored by hematite/goethite; exact identification requires testing

Petrified Wood

Fossilized wood / Silicified wood

Fossilized wood fragment

Petrified wood; commonly silicified fossil wood (SiO₂ replacing organic tissue)

Sea Glass (Teal/Turquoise)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with trace metal oxides

Sea Glass (Turquoise/Aqua)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with transition metal dopants

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz arenite)

Painted Garden Rock (likely Granite or Limestone base)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) / Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) based substrate with Acrylic/Enamel pigments

Sea Glass (Cobalt Blue)

Amorphous Silica (Glass with Cobalt additives)

South Korean 100 Won Coin (Cupronickel)

Cupronickel Alloy (75% Cu, 25% Ni)

Fossilized bivalve shell fragment

Calcitic shell material, commonly Arca or related marine bivalve; primarily CaCO₃

Sandstone

Sandstone (SiO2-rich clastic sedimentary rock)

Coquina (Fossiliferous Limestone)

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Slag Glass

Vitreous Silicate Residue

Efflorescence (on Clay Brick)

Crystalline salt deposits (typically Sodium Sulfate Na2SO4, Calcium Carbonate CaCO3, or Potassium Sulfate K2SO4)

Polished Bumblebee jasper

Bumblebee jasper (calcite–orpiment/realgar-rich volcanic material; composition varies)

Gastropod shell fragment

Calcareous mollusk shell; primarily aragonite or calcite (CaCO₃)

Granite / Gneiss (Coarse-Grained Felsic Rock)

Granite (Quartz-Feldspar-Mica aggregate)

Granite (Unakite / Feldspar-rich Granite)

Granite (composed of Potassium Feldspar, Quartz, and Biotite/Epidote)

Tektite (likely indochinite)

Natural silica-rich impact glass; predominantly amorphous SiO₂ with aluminum, iron, magnesium, calcium, and sodium

Polished dark agate or jasper specimen

Cryptocrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂; exact identification is uncertain from the image

Dendritic jasper/chalcedony

Silica-rich microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with manganese-oxide dendrites

Black-and-white bicolored pebble

Likely basalt with a pale felsic or carbonate coating/inclusion; exact identification requires testing

Turquoise ring (likely stabilized or imitation turquoise)

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact material is uncertain from the image

Blue Sphalerite (likely dyed or treated Druzy Quartz/Agate)

Zinc Sulfide (ZnS) or Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trade-name enhancement

Coquina

Coquina (Bioclastic Limestone)

Quartz-bearing pegmatitic rock, likely granite/pegmatite

Feldspar–quartz pegmatite; chiefly K-feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, and possible mica

Tiger’s-eye bead bracelet

Chatoyant quartz, principally quartz (SiO₂) with pseudomorphic fibrous crocidolite/goethite inclusions

Coquina

Bioclastic Limestone

Iron-rich lateritic soil / weathered ferruginous rock

Laterite, primarily hydrated iron oxides (goethite/limonite) with clay minerals and quartz

Polished banded stone, likely black marble or banded gneiss

Graphitic banded marble or quartz-feldspar biotite gneiss; exact identification requires testing

Crushed Stone / Gravel

Aggregate (mixed lithology)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 primarily)

Tumbled orange agate or carnelian

Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂; orange coloration commonly from iron oxides

Faceted Gemstone

Unknown transparent mineral, possibly Diamond (C), Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2), Quartz (SiO2), or Glass

Tumbled hematite

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), commonly sold as “magnetic hematite” when synthetic or magnetized