Jasper (Milky/Cream Variety)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chalcedony
sedimentary (chemical/biological)
Category
Anthropogenic Sedimentary Style Organic Solid
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Mixed stream gravel and cobbles
Polylithic alluvial deposit; individual clasts are not identifiable at this resolution
sedimentary
Sandstone (Quartzose)
Arenite (SiO2 based typically)
sedimentary
Quartz Geode
Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)
mineral
Yellow Chalcedony (Carnelian/Yellow Agate)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz
Mineral
Agate Geode
Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
mineral
Quartz Geode
Crystalline Silver Oxide (SiO2) in Calcareous Host
mineral
Opal
Hydrated amorphous silica (SiO2·nH2O)
mineral
Yellow Jasper
Silicon Dioxide with Iron inclusions (SiO2)
sedimentary
Red Jasper (River Pebble)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with hematite impurities
sedimentary (microcrystalline quartz)
Petrified Wood
Fossilized wood / Silicified wood
Sedimentary / Fossil
Agate (Common Chalcedony)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
mineral
Amber (Copal)
Fossilized Tree Resin
mineraloid
Pearls
Aragonite (calcium carbonate) and Conchiolin
Mineraloid
Seashell (Cone Snail Shell)
Conus sp. (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)
fossil
Pyrite
Iron Disulfide (FeS2)
mineral
Pyrite in Shale
Iron Disulfide (FeS2)
mineral
Coal (most likely Bituminous or Anthracite)
Coal (organic sedimentary rock)
Sedimentary
Chert Arrowhead
Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Quartz Geode
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
mineral
Agate Geode
Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
mineral
Coal (likely Bituminous or Lignite)
Organic Sedimentary Rock (Carbonaceous)
sedimentary
Amber (Copal)
Succinate (Fossilized Tree Resin)
mineraloid
Shale
Laminated Fissile Pelite
sedimentary
Quartz Geode (Nodule)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary or igneous
Fossil-bearing Sedimentary Rock
Sedimentum cum fossili
fossil
Sandstone
Quartz Sandstone (predominantly)
Sedimentary
Shale
Mudstone (composed primarily of clay minerals like kaolinite, illite, and smectite, with quartz and calcite)
sedimentary
Fossiliferous Limestone with Rugose Coral
Calcite (CaCO3) matrix containing Rugosa (order of extinct solitary and colonial corals)
sedimentary
Limestone (specifically Bituminous or Carbonaceous Limestone)
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) with Organic Impurities
sedimentary
Baroque Pearl (and potentially a small Sapphire/Blue Topaz)
Pearl: Calcium Carbonate (aragonite or calcite) with conchiolin. Sapphire: Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3). Blue Topaz: Al2SiO4(F,OH)2.
Organic Gemstone (for pearl), Mineral (for sapphire/topaz)
Agate Geode
Chalcedony (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)
sedimentary (secondary mineral formation)
Mother of Pearl (Nacre) / Shell Fragment
Biogenic Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite and Conchiolin)
fossil
Limestone Pebble with Crinoid Fossil
Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) - Fossiliferous Limestone
sedimentary
Pyrite
Iron Sulfide (FeS2)
mineral
Chert / Flint
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Opal
Hydrated amorphous silica (SiO2·nH2O)
mineral
Fossiliferous Limestone
Bioclastic Limestone (CaCO3)
sedimentary
Banded Agate (specifically Crazy Lace Agate style)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz
sedimentary
Fossil Crab
Decapoda (likely Avitelmessus or Raninidae family)
sedimentary
Pyritic Shale
Carbonaceous Shale with Iron Pyrite (FeS2)
sedimentary
Limestone and Quartz Gravel with Petrified Wood
Sedimentary gravel aggregate and fossilized wood
sedimentary