Man Made Object (Coin)

Rhodonite

Manganese Inosilicate (MnSiO3)

Rose Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace impurities of titanium, iron, or manganese

Red Jasper

Jasper (SiO2, Silicon Dioxide with Iron inclusions)

Citrine

Quartz (SiO₂)

Rhodonite

Rhodonite (MnSiO3)

Mahogany Obsidian

Obsidian (volcanic glass with Hematite/Magnetite inclusions)

Banded Onyx (Green Onyx)

Banded Calcite or Travertine (CaCO3)

Jade

Jadeite or Nephrite (both are commonly referred to as 'jade'). Jadeite: NaAlSi2O6; Nephrite: Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2.

Brown Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Howlite

Howlite (Calcium borosilicate hydroxide, Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Mother of Pearl (Nacre)

Calcium Carbonate (primarily aragonite, with conchiolin)

Chert (specifically Red Chert or Jasper)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Common Chert node)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (Jasper variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Chert (variations include Flint/Novaculite)

Chert (formula: SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint for darker varieties)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Cryptocrystalline Quartz

Granite

Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock

Chert (and Jasper/Chalcedony mixture)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (Arrowhead Fragment)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Black Chert or Flint)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jade

Jade can refer to two distinct minerals: Nephrite (a variety of the mineral actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) and Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6). Based on the image, showing a relatively uniform green color and possibly slight translucence in bead form, it is very likely one of these, but determining which one from a photo is difficult without specific testing.

Sandstone (likely Fossiliferous)

Arenite / Fossiliferous Sandstone (SiO2 composition)

Quartz

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Jade

There are two distinct minerals commonly known as Jade: Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6) and Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2). Based on the appearance, these spheres are likely Nephrite.

Blue-dyed Quartz Druzy

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial pigment

Laterite

Laterite (no specific mineral formula as it's a rock type)

Malachite

Malachite [Cu2CO3(OH)2]

Amazonite

Amazonite (KAlSi3O8) - a variety of Microcline Feldspar

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite (Fe2O3) inclusions

Aventurine

Quartz (Aventurine variety)

Wood Jasper

Siliceous sedimentary rock (variety of Chert/Chalcedony)

Mookaite Jasper

Siliceous sedimentary rock (variety of Jasper/Chert)

Jasper

Jasper (a variety of Chalcedony, SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Brown Jasper

Jasper (a cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz, SiO2)

Sodalite

Sodalite (Na4Al3Si3O12Cl)

Blue Agate (Dyed)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C)

Red Jasper

Jasper (a cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz, SiO₂)

Honey Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Crackled Quartz (Blue Dyed)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with anthropogenic dye