Man Made Object (Metalwork)

Banded Agate

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite coal (High-rank coal)

Nephrite Jade (or Serpentine)

Nephrite (a variety of amphibole mineral tremolite-actinolite) or Serpentine Group minerals

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Fuchsite inclusions

Yellow Jade (often Serpentine or Dolomite)

Primarily Serpentine (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4) or Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2), though the term 'yellow jade' is also sometimes applied to varieties of true nephrite or jadeite.

Blue Chalcedony

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Blue Chalcedony

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Himalayan Salt (Halite)

Halite (NaCl) with trace minerals

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Complex aggregate including Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Chert (Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Chert (Arrowhead Fragment)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Black Chert or Flint)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert / Flint

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Flint / Chert

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert / Flint

Cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Marble

Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)

Chert Pebble/Nodule

Chert (a microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline sedimentary form of quartz, SiO2)

Rough Diamond

Diamond (Pure Carbon: C)

Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Green Aventurine

Quartz (SiO2) with Fuchsite inclusions

Crazy Lace Agate

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) - a variety of banded Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz)

Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Optical Calcite (Iceland Spar)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Honey-colored chalcedony (rough agate/chert)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; likely chalcedony with iron-oxide staining

White Marble

Metamorphic Limestone (CaCO3)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Pyrite

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Pearl-embellished decorative cross

Pearl (biogenic calcium carbonate, predominantly aragonite) with rhinestone-mounted glass or synthetic gemstones

Goldstone

Avventurina (Cu + SiO2 glass)

Tumbled orbicular jasper

Orbicular jasper; microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with iron oxides and feldspathic/chalcedony inclusions

Polished black stone, likely black obsidian

Obsidian (volcanic glass), primarily silica-rich rhyolitic composition

Blue chalcedony (likely dyed or coated)

Chalcedony, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂)

Dalmatian jasper

Dalmatian stone; commonly a leucocratic alkali-feldspar-rich igneous rock with arfvedsonite or aegirine inclusions

Polished agate, likely carnelian/fire agate

Microcrystalline quartz (chalcedony), SiO₂, colored by iron oxides/hydroxides

Serpentinite

Serpentinite; chiefly serpentine-group minerals (chrysotile, lizardite, antigorite), commonly with magnetite, brucite, and relict olivine/pyroxene

Polished red jasper

Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) colored by iron oxides

Polished pink chalcedony (likely pink agate/geode)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; chalcedony with iron-bearing inclusions and possible druzy quartz

Serpentine (likely serpentinized ultramafic rock)

Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite, lizardite, or chrysotile; commonly derived from peridotite

Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (Amorphous Silicon Dioxide)