Petrified Wood
Silicified Wood (SiO2)
sedimentary
Category
Man Made Object (Simulant)
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Jade
Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)
metamorphic
Petrified Wood
Silicified Wood (primarily Quartz/Chalcedony, SiO2)
sedimentary
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions
sedimentary
Rose Quartz
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace amounts of titanium, iron, or manganese
mineral
Jasper
Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
sedimentary
Carnelian Agate
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chalcedony
mineral
Sandstone
Sedimentary Rock (Quartz Sandstone)
sedimentary
Sandstone
Arenite
sedimentary
Obsidian (Black)
Obsidian (High-silica volcanic glass)
igneous
Polished greenstone (likely serpentinite)
Serpentinite, chiefly antigorite/lizardite Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄, possibly with magnetite
metamorphic
Amber
Fossilized Tree Resin (C10H16O)
gemstone
Nephrite Jade
Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 (Tremolite-Actinolite series)
metamorphic
Basalt
Basalt (comprising Plagioclase feldspar, Pyroxene, and Olivine)
igneous
Dark rounded pebble, likely basalt or slag
Probable fine-grained mafic rock; possibly basalt (plagioclase–pyroxene) or industrial iron/steel slag
igneous
Diamond
Carbon (C)
gemstone
Sandstone
Arenite (siliciclastic sedimentary rock composed mostly of quartz)
sedimentary
Basalt
Basalt
igneous
Pink Granite
Phaneritic Felsic Intrusive Igneous Rock
igneous
Granite Pebble
Felsic intrusive igneous rock
igneous
Chrysocolla in Malachite
Cu2CO3(OH)2 (Malachite) / Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Chrysocolla)
mineral
Jade
Jadeite or Nephrite
Mineral/Mineraloid
Smoky Quartz (Faceted)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
gemstone
Lapis Lazuli
Lapis Lazuli (Complex rock consisting primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,SO4,Cl)1-2)
metamorphic
Goldstone and pink quartz bead strands
Goldstone is aventurescent copper-bearing glass; pink beads are likely rose quartz (SiO₂), though dyed or glass imitations are possible
mineral
Aragonite (specifically Mexican Marbled Onyx)
Aragonite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)
mineral
Sandstone
Arenite
sedimentary
Sandstone (with iron staining)
Quartz Arenite / Ferruginous Sandstone
sedimentary
Green Jasper / Plasma
Microcrystalline Quartz (Chalcedony), SiO2 with inclusions
gemstone
Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
mineral
Pyrite
Iron Sulfide (FeS2)
mineral
Flint (or Chert with cortex)
Silicon dioxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Tektite
Natural impact glass
meteorite
Quartzite
Metamorphic Quartzite (SiO2)
metamorphic
Coquina Limestone
Coquina (Biogenic Limestone)
sedimentary
Slate
Foliated Metamorphic Slate
metamorphic
Fossilized Shark Tooth (Fragment)
Elasmobranchii gen. et sp. indet. (Calcium Phosphate / Apatite fossil)
fossil
Amethyst
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
mineral
Chert (Yellow Jasper/Flint)
Chert (Microcrystalline Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (Flint)
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary
Coquina
Coquina (Biogenic Limestone / CaCO3)
sedimentary
Chert (often called Flint or Jasper if reddish)
Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)
sedimentary