Metamorphic Rock (For Nephrite And Some Jadeite); Mineral (For Jadeite)

Rhodonite

Manganese Silicate (Mn,Fe,Mg,Ca)SiO3

Clear Quartz Crystal

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3 - Aluminum Oxide)

Schist (Micaceous)

Mica Schist

Granite Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite, Sodalite, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Quartz (Milky and Bull Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (composed primarily of Serpentine group minerals like Antigorite, Lizardite, and Chrysotile)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Cat's Eye Moonstone (Simulated/Synthetic or natural Cat's Eye Quartz/Glass)

There is no single scientific name. The appearance suggests either: Moonstone (feldspar group), Cat's Eye Quartz (SiO2), Apatite (Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)), or most likely a synthetic material such as Fiber Optic Glass or 'Opalite' (a type of glass).

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade regional metamorphic rock)

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety, likely a orthogneiss or paragneiss depending on parent rock)

Milky Quartz (Common Quartz)

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Tiger's Eye (Rough)

Pseudomorph of Quartz after Crocidolite (SiO2)

Mica Schist

Mica Schist (primarily Muscovite or Biotite KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Tiger's Eye

Pseudomorph of Quartz after Crocidolite (SiO2 with iron inclusions)

Rose Quartz

Quartz (SiO2) with trace elements of titanium, iron, or manganese

Quartzite River Rock

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Ironstone Concretion (likely)

Goethite/Hematite/Limonite cemented sediment

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock ((Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Pyrite

Pyrite (Iron sulfide, FeS₂)

Granitic Gneiss

Gneiss (high-grade metamorphic rock primarily of quartz, feldspar, and mica)

Sandstone

Sandstone (lithified arenite/wacke)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with aluminum impurities

Mica Schist

Mica Schist (Composition typically contains Muscovite: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 or Biotite: K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 along with Quartz and Feldspar)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade metamorphic rock)

Blue Tiger's Eye

Riebeckite (crocidolite variety)

Tiger's Eye

Pseudomorph of Quartz after Crocidolite (SiO2 with iron oxide inclusions)

Red Quartzite (Strawberry Quartz)

Quartzite (SiO2 with iron oxide inclusions)

Lapis Lazuli

Complex mixture of minerals (lazurite, calcite, pyrite, and sodalite); (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2

Gneiss (specifically a Banded Gneiss cobble)

Gneiss (composed mainly of Quartz, Feldspar, and Biotite/Amphibole)

Granite / Gneiss Complex

Felsic Plutonic Rock (Granite) or High-grade Metamorphic Rock (Gneiss)

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3) with traces of Iron and Titanium

Milky Quartz

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Almandine Garnet in Schist Matrix

Almandine - Fe3Al2(SiO4)3

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Halite

Halite (Sodium Chloride - NaCl)

Quartz Mica Schist

Mica-Quartz Schist (Chemical: SiO2 + KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2)