Metamorphic Rock

Tiger's Eye

Tiger's Eye (a variety of Chalcedony, which is a microcrystalline quartz with fibrous inclusions of oxidized crocidolite)

Jade (Nephrite or Jadeite)

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6)

Calcite

Calcite (CaCO₃, Calcium Carbonate)

Pebble (likely a type of sandstone or quartzite pebble)

Clastic Sediment (specifically, a rudite-sized clast). If the pebble is composed of a specific rock type, its scientific name would be that rock type (e.g., 'Quartzite pebble', 'Granite pebble', 'Chert pebble'). Given its appearance, it is likely a metamorphic quartzite pebble or a hard sandstone pebble.

Jade

Jade can refer to two distinct minerals: Nephrite (a variety of the mineral actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) and Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6). Based on the image, showing a relatively uniform green color and possibly slight translucence in bead form, it is very likely one of these, but determining which one from a photo is difficult without specific testing.

Aventurine (likely Green Aventurine)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with included minerals (Fuchsite for green)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock type, not a single mineral; main component is Lazurite (Na,Ca)8[(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2|(Al6Si6O24)])

Jade (Nephrite or Jadeite)

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2 - a variety of actinolite, an amphibole mineral); Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6 - a pyroxene mineral)

Ruby in Zoisite

Ruby (Corundum, Al2O3) in Zoisite (Calcium aluminum silicate hydroxide, Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH)) with some Hornblende

Quartz

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide)

Schist

Schist (various mineral compositions)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (typically quartz, feldspar, mica, amphibole composition)

Slate

Slate (a fine-grained, foliated metamorphic rock). Mineral composition: Primarily composed of mica minerals (muscovite, chlorite, sericite) and quartz, with minor amounts of hematite, pyrite, and other accessory minerals.

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (pronounced 'nice')

River Pebble (Likely Chert or Fine-Grained Sandstone/Quartzite)

Siliciclastic clast (likely Chert or Quartzarenite/Quartzite pebble)

Jade (likely Nephrite or Jadeite)

Nephrite (a variety of actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6)

Tiger's Eye (commonly referred to as Blue/Gold Tiger's Eye)

Tiger's Eye is a variety of Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline quartz), SiO2, exhibiting chatoyancy. The blue variety is often called Hawk's Eye.

Given the appearance, it's likely a fragment of an igneous or metamorphic rock composed of multiple minerals. Without specific diagnostic features, it's difficult to give a common name other than 'crystalline rock fragment'. If pressed to guess based on the granular, somewhat light and dark speckled appearance, it could be a fragment of granite or a related intrusive igneous rock.

As a rock fragment, it does not have a single scientific mineral name; rather, it's a piece of a rock which is a combination of minerals. If it were granite, its main mineral composition would be quartz (SiO2), feldspar (e.g., KAlSi3O8 - orthoclase, (Na,Ca)(Al,Si)4O8 - plagioclase), and mica (e.g., KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 - muscovite or K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 - biotite), among others.

Mica Schist

Mica Schist (primarily Muscovite or Biotite sheet silicates)

Garnet Schist

Almandine Garnet Schist (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3 in Schistose matrix)

Serpentine

Serpentinite (Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4

Dyed Quartzite

Metamorphosed Quartz (SiO2) with synthetic pigment

Garnet (Almandine/Pyrope series)

Garnet Group - X3Y2(SiO4)3

Quartzite Pebble

Metamorphic Quartzite (SiO2)

Quartzite (Yellow/Orange variety)

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Painted River Rock

Painted Quartzite or Smooth Siltstone

Epidote

Epidote ({Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH))

Serpentine

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Sandstone or Quartzite

Arenite (if sedimentary) / Quartzite (if metamorphic)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Milky Quartz with Chlorite Schist Inclusions

Quartz (SiO2) with Chlorite Group silicates (typically (Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (composed primarily of Serpentine group minerals (Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4)

Garnet Schist

Almandine Garnet-bearing Mica Schist

Quartz (Milky/Crystalline)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Muscovite Mica

Muscovite / KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Garnet Schist

Garnetiferous Micaceous Schist

Serpentine

Antigorite, Lizardite, or Chrysotile (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)

Eclogite

Eclogite (Omphacite-Garnet Rock)

Serpentine

Antigorite/Lizardite/Chrysotile group, Mg3Si2O5(OH)4

Metaconglomerate

Metaconglomerate (Quartzite conglomerate)

Auriferous Quartz (Gold-bearing Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace Gold (Au) and Iron Oxides

Serpentine

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4