Mineral, Specifically A Cryptocrystalline Quartz Variety

Moss Agate

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) with dendritic inclusions

Quartz Geode

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Spinosaurus Tooth

Spinosaurus aegyptiacus (fossilized in Hydroxyapatite)

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Tumbled Carnelian and Quartz Mix

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Concretion or Geode (unbroken)

Varied (depending on mineral composition and cementing agent). For quartz-lined geodes, the scientific name of the dominant mineral would be Quartz (SiO2). For calcite-lined geodes, Calcite (CaCO3). Concretions are often composed of cryptocrystalline quartz (chert), calcite, or iron oxides.

Carnelian (a variety of Chalcedony)

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) with Iron Oxide impurities

Orange Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Chert Pebble (Yellow Jasper)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Yellow Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron hydroxides (Goethite or Limonite)

Ocean Jasper

Orbicular Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Dragon Blood Jasper

Epidote-containing Quartz Chalcedony (SiO2 with Ca2(Al, Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH))

Chalcedony with inclusions (Agate/Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Banded Carnelian Agate

Var. of Chalcedony (SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint or Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Yellow Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (primarily Chalcedony or Quartz, SiO2)

Yellow Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron hydroxides

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Specular Hematite (Specularite)

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Black Pearl (Tahitian-style Cultured Pearl)

Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite) with Conchiolin (CaCO3)

Amazonite

K(AlSi3O8) - Potassium Feldspar (Microcline variant)

Red Jasper

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions)

Fire Opal (in Matrix)

Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Foliated Metamorphic Rock (likely Gneiss or Schist)

Gneissic Metamorphic Rock

Moonstone (specifically Cat's Eye or Gray Moonstone)

Orthoclase (Potassium Aluminum Silicate) with the formula (K,Na)AlSi3O8

Mookaite Jasper

Radiolarite (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Chert (Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (primarily SiO2)

Mookaite Jasper

Radiolarite (Silica-rich sedimentary rock featuring Hematite and Goethite)

Banded Onyx (Green Onyx)

Banded Calcite or Travertine (CaCO3)

Chlorastrolite (Isle Royale Greenstone)

Chlorastrolite (Pumpellyite-(Mg,Al)), formula: Ca2(Mg,Fe)Al2(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)2∙H2O

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (Detrital sedimentary rock)

Dendritic Agate

Silicon Dioxide with Manganese or Iron Oxide inclusions (SiO2 + Mn/Fe)

Chert (Flint variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Chert

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Orthoclase Feldspar

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium aluminum silicate)

Titanium-coated Metal Cube (Man-made Fidget Toy)

Titanium-anodized or electroplated alloy (e.g., Ti-coated Zinc or Aluminum)