Mineral, Specifically A Cryptocrystalline Quartz Variety

Granite

Granite (Silicic Plutonic Rock)

Agate (various color varieties)

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide)

Orthoclase Feldspar (Sunstone variety)

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium Aluminum Silicate)

Blue Lace Agate (Banded Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Stromatolite

Stromatolite (Cyanobacteria-formed Organo-sedimentary structure)

Orthoclase Feldspar

Orthoclase (KAlSi₃O₈)

Jasper with Hematite inclusions

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Ferric Oxide (Fe2O3)

Chert (and Limestone)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Ferruginous Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 cement)

Chert (Jasper/Agate variety)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Yellow Jasper

Microcrystalline Quartz with Iron Oxide (SiO2)

Yellow Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusion of Mica

Chert (Jasper variety)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Granite (Light-colored quartz/feldspar variety)

Granite (composed primarily of Quartz SiO2 and Feldspar KAlSi3O8)

Ferruginous Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeO(OH) cement)

Chert (specifically Red Chert/Jasper nodule)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Yellow Diamond (Faceted)

Diamond (C - Pure Carbon)

Amazonite

Potassium Feldspar (KAlSi3O8)

Quartzite

Quartzite (Primary mineral: Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Petrified Wood (Silicified Wood)

Silicified Paleoflora (mainly Quartz, SiO2)

Greenschist

Greenschist (chlorite-epidote schist)

Quartzite

Quartzite (SiO2)

Quartz (Smoky/Milky variety with matrix)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz

Quartz (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide)

Chert (Iron-stained)

Chert (Microcrystalline and Cryptocrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Yellow Chert (Gold-colored River Pebble)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with Limonite/Goethite staining

Bloodstone (Heliotrope)

Chalcedony (SiO2) with inclusions of Iron Oxide or Red Jasper

Chert (Nodule)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Banded Iron Formation

Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

Jasper (Green variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Chert (Jasper variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert (Green variety)

Chert (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Chert (Flint variety)

Chert (SiO2)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Mahogany Obsidian

Obsidian (Volcanic Glass) with Hematite or Magnetite inclusions, SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Geode (Chert or Quartz Nodule)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Jade

Jade can refer to two distinct minerals: Nephrite (a variety of the mineral actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) and Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6). Based on the image, showing a relatively uniform green color and possibly slight translucence in bead form, it is very likely one of these, but determining which one from a photo is difficult without specific testing.

Obsidian

Volcanic glass (mainly SiO2 with inclusions)

Amethyst (Rose-tinted/Pale variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities