Mineral (Chalcedony)

Orthoclase Feldspar (Potassium Feldspar)

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium Aluminum Silicate)

Limonite Stained Basalt

Hydrated Iron Oxide on Mafic Volcanic Rock (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Quartz Pebble

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Fluorite

Calcium fluoride (CaF2)

Devil's Toenail (Fossil Oyster)

Gryphaea arcuata (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Gneiss

Gneiss (Metamorphic rock)

Granitic Gneiss

Gneiss (Metamorphic rock of granitic composition)

Granite

Phaneritic Plutonic Felsic Rock (SiO2, KAlSi3O8, NaAlSi3O8, CaAl2Si2O8)

Prehnite

Prehnite (Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2)

Blue Apatite

Apatite (Calcium Phosphate) - Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)

Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)

Granite

Granite (Phaneritic Quartz-Feldspar Plutonic Rock)

Sandstone with Manganese Dendrites

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 based with MnO2 inclusions)

Pyrite

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Pyrite in Quartz

Iron Sulfide (FeS2) in Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fluorite Tower

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride - CaF2)

Amygdaloidal Basalt

Amygdaloidal Basalt (Mafic Extrusive volcanic rock)

Blue Apatite

Apatite - Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) (Calcium phosphate with Fluorine, Chlorine, or Hydroxyl)

Milky Quartz with Mineral Inclusions

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Mixed Gemstone and Mineral Collection

Mixed Silica and Carbonate minerals (SiO2, CaSO4·2H2O, etc.)

Mixed Mineral and Fossil Collection

Multi-specimen assemblage (SiO2, CaCO3, FeS2, etc.)

Fluorite (Rainbow, Purple-Blue Tumbled)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Quartz (Clear Quartz/Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Garden Quartz (Lodalite)

Silicon Dioxide with various mineral inclusions (SiO2)

Sandstone (with Limonite staining)

Arenite (primarily SiO2 with FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (typically quartz, feldspar, mica, amphibole composition)

Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

Granitic Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade metamorphic rock)

Gneiss

Gneiss

Schist

Schist (various mineral compositions)

Granite Gneiss

Gneiss (high-grade metamorphic rock)

Bicolor Quartz Tumble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone (likely Arkosic or Lithic)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 with accessory minerals)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Gneiss (Cobble)

Gneiss

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (Mg, Fe, Ni, Al, Zn, Mn)2-3(Si, Al, Fe)2O5(OH)4

Green Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with mineral inclusions

Not a rock, mineral, or geological specimen

Mica Group Minerals

There isn't a single scientific name as 'Mica' refers to a group of phyllosilicate minerals. Common scientific names include Muscovite (KAl₂ (AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂), Biotite (K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), Phlogopite (KMg₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), and Lepidolite (K(Li,Al)₃(Al,Si,Rb)₄O₁₀(F,OH)₂).

Turquoise

Turquoise, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Azurite with Malachite

Azurite: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 / Malachite: Cu2CO3(OH)2