Mineral (Extraterrestrial)

Limonite / Goethite (Iron Ore Mineral nodule)

FeO(OH)·nH2O / FeO(OH)

Green river-worn pebble, likely serpentinite

Serpentinite (serpentine-group minerals; identification is provisional from the photograph)

Chrysocolla with Malachite

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4%CnH2O (Chrysocolla)

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Limonite with Quartz

Hydrated Iron Oxide Hydroxide with Silicon Dioxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O + SiO2)

Limonite

FeO(OH)·nH2O

Biotite Schist

Biotite-rich Schist [K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2]

Pyrite in Quartz Matrix

Iron Sulfide (FeS2) embedded in Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Likely garnet gemstone

Garnet-group silicate; species cannot be determined from the photo (common red varieties include almandine, Fe₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃, and pyrope, Mg₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃).

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Green Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

Shark Tooth Fossil

Vertebrate fossilized tooth

Pink granite pebble

Granite, a coarse-grained felsic intrusive igneous rock

Small rounded pebble (rock type indeterminate)

Unidentified lithic pebble; specific composition cannot be determined from the image

Epidote

Epidote - Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)3(SiO4)3(OH)

Pale green stone, possibly serpentine

Serpentinite (dominantly serpentine-group minerals; visual identification is uncertain)

Orthoclase Feldspar (Granitic)

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium Feldspar)

Small gray-green tumbled stone, likely serpentine

Serpentine-group minerals, approximately Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄; identification is uncertain from the image alone

Veined Sandstone with Calcite Veins

Sedimentary sandstone with hydrothermal/mineral veins

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Lepidolite

K(Li,Al)3(Al,Si,4)10(O,F,OH)2

Pyrite or Chalcopyrite specimen (Gold-colored mineral coating)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2) / Copper Iron Sulfide (CuFeS2)

Limonite

FeO(OH)•nH2O

Polished garnet bead (likely almandine)

Almandine garnet, Fe₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃ (tentative visual identification)

Pink Granite Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade metamorphic rock)

Likely serpentine

Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite, lizardite, or chrysotile; approximate formula Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

Weathered, iron-stained granite (possible granitic gneiss)

Granite, a quartz–feldspar–mica plutonic rock; visual identification is uncertain

Quartz with Sericite and Cinnabar

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with muscovite/sericite and mercury sulfide (HgS)

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Raw dark metallic mineral specimen, possibly native gold-bearing quartz or sulfide ore

Uncertain from image; possible pyrite/chalcopyrite-bearing quartz or gold-bearing sulfide matrix

Rainbow Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Granite with Epidote

Granite, containing quartz, feldspar, and epidote

Serpentine (rough serpentine-rich rock)

Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite and/or lizardite; composition broadly Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

Granite

Granite, a felsic intrusive igneous rock composed chiefly of quartz, feldspar, and mica

Possible weathered metallic mineral specimen

Uncertain; possibly native copper-bearing rock or iron sulfide in a gray host matrix

Copper-bearing Quartz Vein in Host Rock

Quartz with Malachite/Chrysocolla staining

Serpentinite

Serpentinite, a rock composed mainly of serpentine-group minerals (approximately Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄)

Chrysocolla-bearing copper ore (tentative)

Chrysocolla, a hydrated copper silicate; commonly intergrown with quartz and/or other copper minerals

Potassium Feldspar (Orthoclase)

Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)

Orthoclase Feldspar

Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (Felsic to Mafic Metamorphic Rock)