Mineral (Pseudomorph)

Yellow Ochre / Limonite

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Orthoclase Feldspar

Potassium aluminum silicate (KAlSi3O8)

Limonite

Limonite (Hydrated iron oxide mixture, FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Granite

Granite

Pebble

Clast (specifically a granule or small pebble)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Sulfur on Quartz

Native Sulfur (S8) with Quartz (SiO2)

Garden Quartz (Lodalite)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with mineral inclusions

Gemstone Sand (Mineral Assortment)

Mixed Mineral Concentrates (Commonly including Quartz SiO2, Garnet X3Y2(SiO4)3, and Tourmaline (Na,Ca)(Li,Mg,Al)3(Al,Fe,Mn)6(BO3)3(Si6O18)(OH,F)4)

Milky Quartz with Mineral Inclusions

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with miscellaneous inclusions

Milky Quartz with Mineral Inclusions

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Banded Gneiss (with possible weathered sulfide or iron staining)

Gneiss, potentially with iron oxide/hydroxide staining (e.g., limonite) or weathered sulfides

Chrysocolla

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate mineral (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·n(H2O)

Granite or Pegmatite with Mica

Granitoid

Jadeite and Mixed Gemstones (Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald)

Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6), Corundum (Al2O3), Beryl (Be3Al2(Si6O18))

Limonite Concretion (Ironstone)

Limonite (Hydrated Iron(III) Oxide-Hydroxide, FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

FeO(OH)·nH2O (Hydrated Iron Oxide)

Bauxite

AlOx(OH)3-2x (mixture of Gibbsite, Boehmite, and Diaspore)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Complex silicate rock containing Lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Quartz (Druzy)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Heat-Treated Amethyst (Commercial Citrine)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Macro-crystalline Quartz

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Gneiss (specifically a Granitic Gneiss specimen)

Gneiss (high-grade metamorphic rock primarily composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Biotite/Amphibole)

Granite

Granite (Felsic intrusive igneous rock)

Lapis Lazuli

Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(S,SO4,Cl)1-2 (primarily containing Lazurite with inclusions of Calcite and Pyrite)

Chakra Stone (Composite / Man-made Bonded Gemstones)

Composite of Quartz, Lapis Lazuli, Aventurine, Tiger's Eye, and Jasper (SiO2, (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, etc.)

Lapis Lazuli (Raw)

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock; Na3Ca(Al3Si3O12)S

Shale or Slate with Quartz Veins

Shale (fine-grained clastic sedimentary rock) or Slate (low-grade metamorphic rock formed from shale) with Quartz (SiO2) veins

Fluorite (left), Sodalite (middle), Dumortierite/Tumbled Quartzite (right)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2), Sodium Aluminum Silicate Chloride (Na8(Al6Si6O24)Cl2), Aluminum Borosilicate (Al7(BO3)(SiO4)3O3)

Quartz Geode

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Pyrite

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Green Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Quartz with inclusions (likely Tourmaline or Biotite)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amygdaloidal Basalt

Amygdaloidal Basalt (Mafic volcanic rock)

Basalt with Mineral Vein (Cobble)

Basalt (with likely Quartz/Calcite vein)

Gneiss

Metamorphic rock of high-grade regional metamorphism

Fluorite (Polished Point/Tower)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Fossilized Bone Fragment

Permineralized Vertebrate Fossil (Hydroxyapatite replaced by Minerals)

Fluorite (likely Fluorite on Quartz/Matrix)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Orthoclase Feldspar

Orthoclase (KAlSi₃O₈)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)