Mineral (Tectosilicate)

Turquoise and Hematite

Turquoise (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O) and Hematite (Fe2O3)

Dinosaur Skin Fossil

Fossilized dermis / epidermal impression

Likely granite or granitic gneiss

Granite: coarse-grained felsic intrusive rock, typically quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase, and mica; the image alone cannot distinguish it confidently from gneiss.

Banded gneiss

Foliated gneiss, likely quartz–feldspar–biotite gneiss

Fossil shark tooth

Shark tooth; species cannot be determined from the image

Granite pebble

Granite, a coarse-grained quartz–feldspar rock with dark mica or amphibole

Likely diorite (small hand specimen)

Diorite; chiefly plagioclase feldspar and hornblende, often with biotite

Likely serpentinite (greenstone pebble)

Serpentinite, composed mainly of serpentine-group minerals (e.g., lizardite, chrysotile, or antigorite)

Biotite gneiss (probable)

Foliated quartz–feldspar–mica gneiss; commonly containing biotite mica, quartz, and plagioclase/alkali feldspar

Copper Ore

Mixed copper sulfides/oxides in gangue matrix

Gravel and Pebbles

Unconsolidated rock fragments / detrital sediment

Fossilized Shark Tooth

Chondrichthyes (Class)

Fossil Shark Tooth

Carcharodon or Carcharias fossil (Vertebrate Fossil)

Yellow-brown stone or mineral fragment

Unidentified; the image does not show enough detail for a reliable identification

Small pale mineral fragment, possibly calcite

Unidentified; calcite (CaCO₃) is one possibility

Green Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Quartz-rich pegmatite, likely with iron staining

Granitic pegmatite, chiefly quartz (SiO₂) and feldspar, with possible mica and iron oxides

Mica-rich metamorphic rock, likely schist

Muscovite–biotite schist, possibly with quartz and feldspar

Epidote

Calcium aluminum iron silicate (Ca2(Al, Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH))

Basalt with Vesicular/Amygdaloidal Alteration

Extrusive Igneous Rock (Mafic)

Basalt with Amygdule

Aphanitic Mafic Volcanic Rock (Basalt) with Zeolite/Quartz Infill

Epidote

Epidote (Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH))

Dark green-gray river-worn rock, likely serpentinite

Serpentinite (rock composed chiefly of serpentine-group minerals; identification is provisional from the photograph)

Blue Apatite

Fluoroapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

Blue-gray rough mineral specimen, possibly kyanite

Undetermined; kyanite is a possible identification (Al₂SiO₅)

Weathered granite or granitic gneiss

Granite/granitic gneiss, composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and mica

Serpentinite

Serpentinite, composed mainly of serpentine-group minerals (approximately Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄)

Pale green mica-rich rock (possibly chlorite schist)

Likely chlorite schist; identification is uncertain from the photograph

Green copper-bearing rock, likely chrysocolla-bearing quartz or host rock

Chrysocolla (Cu₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O), possibly mixed with quartz and copper oxides

Granite

Intrusive Felsic Igneous Rock

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss

Polished serpentine pebble

Serpentinite, chiefly serpentine-group minerals (chrysotile, lizardite, antigorite)

Limonite

FeO(OH)·nH2O

Fine-grained sedimentary rock, likely mudstone

Mudstone (clay- and silt-sized siliciclastic sedimentary rock)

Dark gray shale or slate-like rock

Fine-grained, clay-rich mudrock; exact identification is uncertain from the photo

Likely amphibolite

Amphibolite, composed mainly of hornblende and plagioclase feldspar

Granite

Coarse-grained felsic intrusive igneous rock, chiefly quartz, potassium feldspar, plagioclase, and biotite/hornblende

Granite (likely weathered granite or granitic gneiss)

Granite; chiefly quartz (SiO₂), feldspar, and mica

Spinosaurus fossil (permineralized bone)

Spinosaurus aegyptiacus (Calcium phosphate mineralized with silica/sediment)

Vesicular Basalt

Amygdaloidal Basalt (Mafic extrusive volcanic rock)

Gneiss

Gneiss

Green Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)