Mineral (Tectosilicate)

Lapis Lazuli

Sodium aluminum silicate with sulfur (main component: Lazurite [(Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2])

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz / Quartzite

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Gold in Matrix

Native Gold (Au)

Limonite with Opal infusion

FeO(OH)·nH2O (Limonite) / SiO2·nH2O (Opal)

Limonite (also known as Yellow Ochre or Brown Hematite)

Limonite (Hydrated iron oxide-hydroxide, FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Fossilized Bone Fragment

Permineralized Vertebrate Fossil (Hydroxyapatite replaced by Minerals)

Pyrite-rich Ore

Pyrite (FeS2) with secondary minerals

Pegmatite with Schorl (Black Tourmaline) and Mica

Pegmatite (complex association of NaAlSi3O8, NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4, and KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2)

Milky Quartz (with Chlorite/Mineral Inclusions)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Granite (Thin Section)

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)

Gossan (Iron Hat)

Limonitic Gossan (predominantly FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Biotite Schist (likely)

Biotite Schist (rock), Biotite (mineral)

Schist with Quartz Veins

Schist with Quartz (SiO2)

Native Copper

Native Copper (Cu)

Banded Gneiss (with possible weathered sulfide or iron staining)

Gneiss, potentially with iron oxide/hydroxide staining (e.g., limonite) or weathered sulfides

Green Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Quartz (Granular Milky Quartz fragment)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Feldspar (Orthoclase)

Orthoclase Feldspar (KAlSi3O8)

Hematite (Concretion)

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Orthoclase Feldspar (Twinning Specimen)

Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)

Fluorite (Purple Fluorite in Matrix)

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Quartz Pebble (with Iron Inclusions)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fluorite Geode

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Chalcedony (Botryoidal Agate vein)

Chalcedony (Microcrystalline Quartz) - SiO2

White Quartz (Milky Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Milky Quartz Pebble

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Sandstone Concretion (Omar or Nut Rock)

Sedimentary Concretion (specifically an 'Omarolluk' or Omar)

Milky Quartz with Iron Inclusions

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Quartz (Milky Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Gneiss (specifically a Granitic Gneiss specimen)

Gneiss (high-grade metamorphic rock primarily composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Biotite/Amphibole)

Heat-Treated Amethyst (Commercial Citrine)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Macro-crystalline Quartz

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Schist

Schist (Crystalline metamorphic rock)

Rutilated Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Fe2O3 enriched)

Turquoise

Turquoise, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Quartz Vein

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite with Hematite cement (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 staining)