Mineral Based Composite

Yellow Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (Quartz with inclusions), SiO2

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Glauconitic Sandstone (Greensand)

Glauconitic Sandstone ((K, Na)(Fe3+, Al, Mg)2(Si, Al)4O10(OH)2)

Sandstone

Sandstone (composed predominantly of Quartz, SiO2, with Feldspar and Clay minerals)

Orbicular jasper (likely ocean jasper)

Silica-rich microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony with orbicular mineral inclusions; mainly SiO₂

Polished banded calcite (onyx marble)

Calcite, CaCO₃; commonly marketed as “honey onyx” or “Mexican onyx”

Green serpentine (likely rough serpentine)

Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite, lizardite, or chrysotile; composition approximately Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄

Shale (with Iron Oxide staining)

Fissile Mudstone (primarily Quartz and Clay minerals)

Hag Stone (Sandstone with Boreholes)

Bored Sandstone (Sedimentary rock with lithophaga-style borings)

Asphalt / Bituminous Aggregate

Bituminous mixture (Hydrocarbon-based sediment)

Sandstone (Red Sandstone)

Arenite (SiO2 based with Fe2O3 staining)

Polished black stone, likely black tourmaline or black obsidian

Most consistent with schorl tourmaline (NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4), though black obsidian (volcanic glass) is also possible

Tumbled quartz-rich stone, possibly milky quartz or quartzite

Quartz (SiO₂), potentially quartzite if metamorphic

Red Sandstone (Iron-Rich)

Arenite (Fe2O3)

Cone-in-cone structure (Limestone)

Cone-in-cone structure (Secondary Sedimentary Structure)

Tiger Carving (Banded Onyx or Calcite)

Banded Calcite (CaCO3)

Tumbled milky quartz

Quartz, SiO₂

Blue Sapphire (in a faceted jewelry setting)

Corundum (Al2O3) with trace Iron and Titanium

Amethyst

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Sandstone (Quartzose Sandstone)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Moss Agate

Chalcedony (SiO2) with dendritic inclusions of Manganese or Iron oxide

Diamond

C (Carbon)

Coal (Anthracite / Bituminous)

Organic Sedimentary Rock (Carbon-based)

Scoria (vesicular volcanic rock)

Scoria; basaltic to andesitic volcanic rock, chiefly plagioclase, pyroxene, and volcanic glass

Blue Chalcedony

Chalcedony (SiO2)

Rose Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace Titanium, Manganese, or Iron

Sandstone with Secondary Mineral Encrustation

Arenite with Silica/Calcite deposits (SiO2 or CaCO3)

Small rough quartz-family crystal specimens, including likely amethyst and citrine

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); purple specimen is likely amethyst, yellow specimen likely citrine or iron-stained quartz

Honey calcite (rough calcite crystal)

Calcite, CaCO₃

Conglomerate (or Breccia / Porphyry)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (Conglomerate / Sandstone)

Blue Kyanite

Kyanite (Al2SiO5)

Sandstone (Pebble)

Sandstone (SiO2 dominated clastic sedimentary rock)

Milky quartz with iron staining

Quartz (SiO₂)

Sandstone (likely Ferruginous)

Sandstone (SiO2 with iron oxides)

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based clastic rock)

Sandstone

Sandstone (SiO2 dominant)

Fossilized Shell Fragment / Mother of Pearl

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) - Aragonite/Calcite biomineral

Sandstone (likely Graywacke or Siltstone variety)

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (SiO2 with assorted mineral fragments)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (composed primarily of Serpentine group minerals, Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)

Platinum Nugget

Platinum (Pt)