Mineral Like Byproduct (Often Mistaken For Igneous Rock Or Meteorite)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Granite

Granite (Mainly Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica)

Calcite Geode

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Mixed collection of Quartz varieties, Chalcedony, and metamorphic pebbles

Mixed gemstones (primarily Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Quartz Vein in Host Rock

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within a metamorphic matrix

Porphyry (specifically Porphyritic Rhyolite or Andesite)

Porphyritic Igneous Rock (composed of Phenocrysts in an Aphanitic groundmass)

Pumice

Pumice (a highly vesicular volcanic rock)

Greenstone / Greenschist

Greenschist (contains chlorite, epidote, actinolite)

Agate

SiO2

Pumice

Pumice (a highly vesicular volcanic rock)

Sandstone (with Iron Staining)

Arenite (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3/FeO(OH) oxides)

Granite

Granite

Quartzite with Quartz Vein

SiO2 (Metamorphosed Quartz Sandstone)

Biotite Schist

Biotite-bearing Schist (K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2)

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz Sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 primarily)

Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (with Iron Oxide cement)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (Siliclastic Sedimentary Rock)

Sandstone (with Chert/Quartzite)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Basalt (Black Beach Pebble)

Basalt

Pyrite-bearing Rock

Iron Sulfide (FeS2) associated with host rock

Chrysocolla in Matrix

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate mineral (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O

Arfvedsonite in Quartz (also labeled as Astrophyllite or Nuummite by collectors)

[Na][Na2][Mg4Fe2+](Si8O22)(OH)2 in SiO2

Sandstone

Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Green Aventurine

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2) with fuchsite inclusions

Eclogite

Eclogite (Omphacite-Garnet rock)

Sandstone with Iron Staining

Arenite (SiO2 with Fe-oxide coatings)

Pumice

Pumice (volcanic glass formed of highly vesicular rough textured rock)

Scoria (Lava Rock)

Vesicular Basalt / Scoria

Quartz (Iron-Stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Milky and Citrine-type Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz / Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Mica (Biotite and Muscovite) in Matrix

Potassium aluminum silicate with iron/magnesium (KAl2(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 / K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2)

Mica Group Minerals

There isn't a single scientific name as 'Mica' refers to a group of phyllosilicate minerals. Common scientific names include Muscovite (KAl₂ (AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂), Biotite (K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), Phlogopite (KMg₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), and Lepidolite (K(Li,Al)₃(Al,Si,Rb)₄O₁₀(F,OH)₂).

Amethyst Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Bornite (Peacock Ore)

Bornite (Cu5FeS4)

Iron-stained Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite inclusions

Green Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Flower Agate

Chalcedony (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2) with Opaque Spherulitic Inclusions