Mineral Like Byproduct (Technogenic)

Ferro-slag (Leland Blue/Slag Glass)

Anthropogenic Vitreous Silica (Industrial Slag)

Slag Glass

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) with impurities

Silver (Jewelry form)

Native Silver (Ag)

Ferruginous Slag (Iron Smelting Byproduct)

Anthropogenic Vitreous Silicate (often containing Fayalite: Fe2SiO4)

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Composite material (bitumen binder with mineral aggregate)

Quartz (Milky/River Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Weathered metallic sulfide ore, likely pyrite-bearing rock

Pyrite (FeS₂), possibly in a quartz–iron-oxide host

Pyrite (on Quartz matrix)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Likely weathered iron-rich rock or slag fragment

Uncertain; possibly limonite/goethite-rich material (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)

Ferrochrome Slag

Anthropogenic silicate/oxide glass (Complex silicate matrix with Cr-Fe-Si inclusions)

Silicon Carbide

Silicon Carbide (Moissanite / Carborundum), SiC

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Ferrochrome Slag

Industrial Glassy Slag (Fe-Cr alloy byproduct)

Bituminous Coal

Coal (Organically derived sedimentary rock)

Slag (Industrial)

N/A (Anthropogenic Slag)

Blue slag glass / industrial smelter slag

Man-made iron-rich silicate slag; composition variable, commonly Fe–Ca–Mg–Al silicates with glassy phases

Blue slag-like mineral specimen, possibly bornite or chalcopyrite

Tentatively bornite (Cu5FeS4) or iridescent chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon carbide (SiC)

Quartzite (Lithic Artifact)

Quartzite (SiO2)

Dark polished stone, likely basalt or slag-like volcanic rock

Probable fine-grained basalt; exact identification requires testing

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Iron Slag

Ferrous Slag (complex silicate and oxide byproduct)

Iron Slag

Anthropogenic pyrometallurgical residue

Likely iron-rich rock or weathered metallic mineral fragment

Uncertain; possibly limonite/goethite or iron-bearing slag

Iron-rich slag or ironstone; appearance is not diagnostic

Likely iron-oxide-rich material (hematite, Fe₂O₃, and/or magnetite, Fe₃O₄); possibly smelting slag

Smelter Slag

Anthropogenic Silicate Slag

Slag (Industrial By-product)

Anthropogenic Vitreous Silica/Iron Silicate

Likely iron-rich slag or weathered ironstone fragment

Uncertain; possibly iron oxide–rich material (hematite/goethite) or industrial iron slag

Likely iron-rich slag or weathered ironstone

Hematite–goethite-rich material (Fe₂O₃/FeO(OH)); possibly industrial iron slag

Likely slag or metallic industrial byproduct

Unidentified iron-rich ferrous slag; possibly magnetite-bearing slag

Iron meteorite fragment (likely metallic meteorite)

Fe–Ni kamacite/taenite alloy; exact identification requires testing

Iron Slag

Iron smelting byproduct (Glassy/vesicular silicate)

Possible obsidian or slag glass

Volcanic glass, primarily SiO₂; alternatively industrial iron-rich glassy slag

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Likely industrial slag or weathered basalt

Basaltic rock; possibly iron-rich furnace slag (diagnosis uncertain from image)

Ferrocoke or Slag

Anthropogenic pyrometallurgical residue

Possible meteorite fragment

Undetermined; likely an iron-rich meteorite or meteorite-like slag fragment

Cullet Glass (sometimes mistaken for Blue Obsidian or Slag)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with chemical additives (e.g., Cobalt for blue color)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Possible iron meteorite

Metallic meteorite, likely Fe–Ni alloy (kamacite/taenite)

Iron Slag

Anthropogenic Vitreous Ferrous Silicate