Mineral Precipitate (Anthropogenic Context)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (with Iron Oxide pigmentation)

Amygdaloidal Basalt with Secondary Minerals

Basalt containing secondary mineralization (likely Chlorite, Celadonite, or Zeolites)

Limonite

Limonite (Hydrous iron oxides, predominantly Goethite FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Epidote

Epidote (Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)AlSi3O12(OH))

Eudialyte

Na15Ca6Fe3Zr3Si(Si25O73)(O,OH,H2O)3(Cl,OH)2

Blue Apatite

Fluorapatite (Ca5(PO4)3F)

Greisen (Quartz-Muscovite-Turretine Rock)

Greisen

Rainbow Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Vanadinite

Lead Chlorovanadate, Pb5(VO4)3Cl

Calcite (or Alabaster, if truly carved)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Boxwork Siderite or Sepatarian Nodule Weathering

Siderite (FeCO3) with secondary mineralization or Boxwork Geode fragment

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)

Fluorite with Quartz coating

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) with Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Granite (Pink/Potassium-rich)

Pink Granite (contains K-Feldspar, Quartz, and Plagioclase)

Vanadinite

Vanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3Cl)

Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade regional metamorphic rock)

Green Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Granite

Phaneritic plutonic rock (Quartz, Alkali Feldspar, and Plagioclase)

Green Fluorite (likely synthetic or heat-treated for jewelry)

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Sunstone

Heliolite (Oligoclase or Orthoclase Feldspar), (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)4O8

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based with various mineral cements)

Limonite (Oxidized Iron Ore)

FeO(OH)·nH2O (Hydrous ferric oxide)

Magnetite

Magnetite (Iron(II,III) oxide, Fe3O4)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Sandstone

Sandstone (lithified quartz arenite, arkose, graywacke, etc. depending on composition)

Gold Ore

Gold-bearing Quartz (Native Gold, Au)

Sandstone (with potentially metamorphic or basaltic bands)

Arenite / Lithic Wacke

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Lepidolite

K(Li,Al)3(Al,Si,Rb)4O10(F,OH)2 (Lithium-bearing Phyllosilicate)

Limonite/Goethite Nodule

Iron Oxyhydroxide (primarily FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Limonite (Yellow Ochre)

Hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Hydrated Iron(III) Oxide-Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Bauxite

Bauxite (Al(OH)3 mixed with Fe2O3 and clay minerals)

Granite

Granite (Felsic Intrusive Igneous Rock)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2 with Fe2O3 staining)

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Quartz Pebble (Sea Glass-like Quartz)

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Diorite

Diorite (plutonic igneous rock)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (Fe2O3 staining)

Diorite (River Rock/Cobble)

Intermediate Plutonic Igneous Rock (Diorite)

Diorite

Phaneritic intermediate plutonic rock