Obsidian
Volcanic glass (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide with impurities)
igneous
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Obsidian
Obsidian (Volcanic glass), SiO2 (70% or more)
igneous
White Quartz (Milky Quartz)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)
mineral
Petrified Wood
Silicified Wood (SiO2)
fossil
Blue Opal in Matrix
Hydrated Silica (SiO2·nH2O)
mineral
Quartzite
Quartzite (primarily SiO2)
metamorphic
Siltstone
Siltstone
sedimentary
Yellow Ochre / Limonite
Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)
Mineral
Conglomerate
Conglomerate (Detrital sedimentary rock)
sedimentary
Quartz (Iron-stained)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite/Limonite impurities
mineral
Citrine (likely Heat-Treated)
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)
mineral
Red Jasper
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impure Iron oxides
sedimentary
Banded Flint (Polished Stripe Flint)
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chert
sedimentary
Chondrite Meteorite
Ordinary Chondrite (S-type asteroid origin)
igneous
Gold Nugget
Native Gold (Au)
mineral
Blue Sapphire (Ceylon)
Corundum (Al2O3) with traces of Iron and Titanium
mineral
Rough Dark Green Sapphire
Corundum (Al2O3)
mineral
Quartz Vein in Host Rock
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within a metamorphic matrix
metamorphic
Hematite
Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)
mineral
Yellow Quartzite Pebble
Quartzite (primarily SiO2)
metamorphic
Sapphire (Blue)
Corundum (Al2O3)
mineral
Rough Ruby
Corundum (Al2O3) with Chromium traces
mineral
Mookaite Jasper
Mookaite (variety of Chert/Jasper), Silicon Dioxide - SiO2
sedimentary
River Siltstone / Mudstone Pebble
Siltstone (composed of mixed silicate and carbonate minerals)
sedimentary
Ruby (Raw Corundum)
Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium impurities)
mineral
Ironstone Concretion / Limonite Node
Ferruginous Sedimentary Rock (composed primarily of Limonite FeO(OH)·nH2O and Goethite)
sedimentary
Howlite
Calcium borosilicate hydroxide (Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)
Mineral
Basalt Pebble
Mafic Igneous Rock (Basalt/Diabase)
igneous
Moqui Marble (Moqui Ball)
Ironstone Concretion (Goethite/Hematite cemented Sandstone)
sedimentary
Quartzite
Quartzite (SiO2)
metamorphic
Obsidian
Volcanic glass (SiO2-rich extrusive igneous rock)
igneous
Red Jasper
Chalcedony with Iron Oxide (SiO2)
sedimentary
Chert (often called Flint or Jasper depending on color)
Chert (SiO2 - Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz)
sedimentary
Build-A-Bear Plush (Non-Geological)
Polyester fibers (C10H8O4)n and Synthetic Polymers
Anthropogenic / Non-mineral
Quartzite with Epidote
Meta-quartzite containing Epidote (Ca2(Al2,Fe)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH))
metamorphic
Goldstone
Avventurina (Man-made Glass with Copper inclusions)
mineral
Blue Dyed Agate Slice
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial pigment
mineral
Moqui Marble (Shaman Stone)
Ironstone Concretion (Fe2O3) - primarily Hematite or Goethite shell with Sandstone core
sedimentary
Sandstone with Liesegang Rings
Liesegang-banded Sandstone
sedimentary
Granite
Phaneritic intrusive igneous rock (Granite)
igneous
Cultured Marble (Synthetic)
Polymer-matrix composite (typically calcium carbonate in polyester resin)
Synthetic / Composite Material
Carnelian Agate
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Chalcedony containing Iron Oxide impurities
mineral