Rock (Likely Sedimentary)

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Quartz (specifically Milky/White Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Garnet Schist

Almandine-Muscovite Schist

Tiger's Eye (likely Hawk's Eye variant)

Pseudomorph of Quartz after Crocidolite (SiO2)

Sandstone (with Concretion)

Arenite / Quartzose Sandstone

Sandstone (Quartzose)

Arenite (composed mainly of SiO2)

Chert (White Chert/Flint)

Chert (Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Crinoid Fossil in Limestone

Class Crinoidea in Carbonate Matrix (CaCO3)

Chert (White-Tan variety)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite

Fossiliferous Limestone (Coquina)

Biogenic Limestone (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Chert Breccia (Yellow Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Brecciated Chert

Bauxite / Iron-rich Laterite

Laterite (principally Al(OH)3, Fe2O3, and SiO2)

Sandstone (with Iron Staining)

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 staining)

Amazonite

KAlSi3O8 (Potassium Aluminum Silicate) - a variety of Microcline Feldspar

Garnet Schist

Almandine Garnet Schist (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3 in Schistose matrix)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Ocean Jasper

Spherulitic Chalcedony (SiO2)

Jasper (specifically Bloodstone/Heliotrope or Dark Green Jasper)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with inclusions

Sandstone (specifically Arkose or Quartz Arenite)

Arenite (primarily SiO2 with possible Feldspar)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Sandstone

Clastic sedimentary rock (Quartz arenite/Arkose)

Chert / Flint

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (specifically Flint or Gray Chalcedony)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Banded Chert

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Chert / Jasper / Agate (Chalcedony Group)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sandstone (Quartzite-rich River Cobble)

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Sandstone

Sandstone (clastic sedimentary rock), primarily SiO2

Sandstone

Arenite

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Chert (Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Gneiss (High-Grade Metamorphic Rock)

Gneiss (primarily composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica/Amphiboles)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (SiO2 with Iron Oxide impurities)

Geode (unopened)

Silica-filled Concretion (SiO2)

Sandstone with Liesegang Rings

Arenite with Iron Oxide Concretions

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Mica Group Minerals

There isn't a single scientific name as 'Mica' refers to a group of phyllosilicate minerals. Common scientific names include Muscovite (KAl₂ (AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂), Biotite (K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), Phlogopite (KMg₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), and Lepidolite (K(Li,Al)₃(Al,Si,Rb)₄O₁₀(F,OH)₂).

Red Garnet (likely Almandine or Pyrope)

Garnet group: X3Y2(SiO4)3 (e.g., Almandine: Fe3Al2Si3O12)

Pyrite in Shale

Iron Sulfide (FeS2) in Argillaceous Shale