Sedimentary (Chemically Precipitated)

Concrete

Hydrated Portland Cement Aggregate Composite

Chert (or Flint)

Chert (cryptocrystalline quartz), SiO2

Calcite

Calcite (CaCO3)

Quartz / Quartzite Fragment

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Green Jasper with Agate Banding

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impurities of ferrous silicate or chlorite

Veined Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Kyanite

Kyanite (Al2SiO5)

Aquamarine and clear quartz

Aquamarine (Be3Al2Si6O18), Quartz (SiO2)

Chert / Flint

Chert (varietal name for microcrystalline quartz). Chemical formula: SiO₂

Amber (Black)

Amber (succinite, retinite, etc., specifically, heavily included/dark varieties)

Jasper (specifically Polychrome or Desert Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide and other mineral impurities

Red Jasper (Plum or Brick variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions (Hematite)

Banded Iron Formation (BIF)

Banded Iron Formation

Shale or Mudstone (Based on appearance)

Shale (fine-grained, laminated fissile sedimentary rock) / Mudstone (fine-grained, non-fissile sedimentary rock)

Pebble (likely Sandstone or Granitic Pebble)

Clastic Sediment (or specific rock type, e.g., Arenite, Granitoid Pebble)

Quartz (in matrix)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Chert or Flint (polished/water-worn)

Chert (a microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline variety of quartz, SiO2). Flint is a specific variety of chert.

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite (a variety of the mineral actinolite within the amphibole group); Chemical Formula: Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2

Concrete Fragment

Hardened Portland Cement Composite

Orthoclase Feldspar

Orthoclase (KAlSi3O8)

Aragonite (variety 'Flos Ferri')

Aragonite (CaCO3)

Brecciated Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with varying mineral inclusions (Iron Oxide, Hematite, Clay)

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)

Jasper with Pyrite (Gold-colored inclusions)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Disulfide (FeS2) inclusions

Jasper (Milky/Cream Variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety of Chalcedony

Agate (or Chalcedony)

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) - a cryptocrystalline variety of quartz

Pink Stained Rock (Likely Quartzite or Sandstone with Iron Oxide Staining)

Quartzite (metamorphic) or Sandstone (sedimentary); coloration likely due to hematite or other iron oxides.

Agate

Agate (a variety of Chalcedony, SiO2)

Quartz (Float/Abraded)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Fluorite and Rose Quartz

Fluorite (CaF2), Rose Quartz (SiO2)

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Banded Metamorphic Rock (likely Quartzite or Serpentinite/Soapstone)

Metamorphic Rock (possibly a banded Quartzite or a foliated Serpentinite/Talc Schist based on appearance, general term for such a rock is 'Banded Metamorphic Rock' or 'Gneiss' if pronounced banding of different minerals)

Fluorite

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride - CaF2)

Banded Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Garnet (likely Almandine or a blend)

Garnet group: X3Y2(SiO4)3, where X can be Ca, Mg, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Y can be Al, Fe3+, Cr3+. Given the dark, somewhat reddish-brown appearance in the image, it's likely Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3) or a mix with other iron-rich garnets.

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite (Carbon-based organic sedimentary rock exposed to metamorphic heat/pressure; Chemical composition is approximately 86%–98% Carbon)

Garnet (likely Almandine, Pyrope, or a blend)

Garnet group minerals: X3Y2(SiO4)3, where X and Y represent various metal ions (e.g., Almandine: Fe3Al2(SiO4)3, Pyrope: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3)

Apatite

Apatite group mineral (e.g., Fluorapatite - Ca5(PO4)3F, Chlorapatite - Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Hydroxylapatite - Ca5(PO4)3(OH))

Fluorite (often referred to casually as 'Fluorspar' in industrial contexts)

Fluorite (CaF2)

Labradorite (tumbled)

Labradorite (a plagioclase feldspar mineral between anorthite and albite; chemical formula: (Ca,Na)(Si,Al)4O8)

Chalcedony

Chalcedony (SiO₂)