Sedimentary (If Natural Jasper) Or Artificial (If Slag)

Polished dark stone, likely basalt

Basalt, a fine-grained mafic volcanic rock composed mainly of plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, with possible olivine and magnetite

Red coral (likely precious coral)

Corallium sp.; calcium-carbonate skeleton, primarily calcite

Copper slag or vesicular basalt with copper minerals

Industrial slag / Basaltic matrix with secondary copper minerals

Blue Dyed Agate

Chalcedony (SiO2) with artificial pigment

Dyed Blue Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial pigment

Rounded iron-rich stone, likely hematite-bearing sandstone or ironstone

Hematite/goethite-bearing ferruginous sandstone or ironstone; composition cannot be confirmed from appearance alone

Possible flint (chert) fragment

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly called flint when dark and nodular

Iron-rich concretion or weathered ironstone

Goethite–hematite-rich limonite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O / Fe₂O₃)

Polished vesicular basalt (likely iron-rich volcanic rock)

Basalt, predominantly plagioclase–pyroxene–olivine; surface may include iron-oxide minerals or metallic-looking infill

Dyed Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Variety Agate / Chalcedony

Turquoise

Turquoise (Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium), CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Banded Agate (Dyed Purple)

Agate (Variety of Chalcedony/Quartz), SiO2

Blue Onyx (Dyed Agate/Chalky Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial pigment

Blue Topaz

Aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide [Al2SiO4(F,OH)2]

Tumbled smoky quartz (probable)

Quartz, SiO₂; smoky variety colored by irradiation-related defects

Dyed Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Iron-rich laterite or weathered ironstone

Goethite–hematite-bearing ferruginous duricrust; commonly approximated as FeO(OH) and Fe₂O₃

Smoky quartz (likely)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), naturally irradiated variety

Likely jasper or iron-rich chert

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly colored by iron oxides

Blue Aura Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metallic vapor coating

Dyed Pink Quartzite (Jadeite Simulant)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with organic dye

Dyed Quartzite (Pink/Magenta)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Artificially Colored Quartzite

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Weathered brown iron-rich pebble

Likely ferruginous sandstone or ironstone; exact identification requires testing

Tumbled sandstone pebble

Sandstone, primarily quartz (SiO₂) with feldspar and iron-oxide cement

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with aluminum impurities

Blue aventurine quartz (likely dyed or tumbled quartzite)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), with blue coloration from inclusions or dye

Red Tiger's Eye

Pseudomorph of Macrocrystalline Quartz after Crocidolite (SiO2)

Blue slag glass / industrial smelter slag

Man-made iron-rich silicate slag; composition variable, commonly Fe–Ca–Mg–Al silicates with glassy phases

Dyed Imperial Jasper (Sea Sediment Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Impure Quartz/Chalcedony

Dyed tumbled quartz (likely quartzite or quartz crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Dyed Blue Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Tumbled carnelian (orange chalcedony)

Carnelian, a microcrystalline variety of quartz; silicon dioxide (SiO₂) colored mainly by iron oxides

Dark basalt or industrial slag (tentative)

Basalt; predominantly plagioclase and pyroxene, possibly with olivine

Polished blue obsidian with a pale mineral crust

Obsidian (volcanic glass), likely coated or encrusted with quartz/calcite

Carnelian and Dyed Agate

Chalcedony (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Amethyst (Agate/Chalcedony variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Likely weathered iron-rich rock or slag fragment

Indeterminate; possibly limonite/goethite-bearing rock (FeO(OH)·nH₂O) or industrial iron slag

Rose Quartz and Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Possible hematite-rich ironstone or magnetite-bearing specimen

Likely hematite (Fe₂O₃), magnetite (Fe₃O₄), or an iron-rich slag-like geological specimen

Likely slag or metallic industrial byproduct

Unidentified iron-rich ferrous slag; possibly magnetite-bearing slag

Turquoise (Blue Howlite / Magnesite imitation)

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (for natural Turquoise); Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5 (for Howlite)