Sedimentary (Or Mineraloid)

Chert (Common Opal/Jasper transition)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Knightia Fossil in Limestone

Knightia eocaena in micritic limestone

Puddingstone (Gowganda)

Gowganda Formation Conglomerate

Bivalve Seashell Fossil

Class Bivalvia

Fossiliferous Sandstone (with Quartz patch)

Sedimentary Sandstone with Silicified Shell Fragments

Chert (flint), likely a knapped fragment

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), also called cryptocrystalline quartz

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite impurities

Red Jasper (or Agate/Jasper mixture)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide inclusions

Chert (Agatized/Chalcedony variety)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Yellow Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Weathered sandstone block

Quartz-rich sandstone; exact composition cannot be confirmed from the image

Rounded quartz-rich sandstone cobble

Quartz arenite (sandstone), likely iron-stained

Limonite Geode (Ironstone Concretion)

Limonite [FeO(OH)·nH2O] with possible Quartz or Calcite interior

Red Jasper (or Banded Jasper)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2 with Hematite impurities)

Fossiliferous Limestone with Brachiopod

Phylum Brachiopoda in calcitic matrix

Lepidodendron Fossil in Sandstone

Lepidodendron (Lycophytina, Lepidodendrales)

Sandstone / Weathered Quartzite

Sandstone (Quartz Arenite)

Sandstone

Arenite (Sedimentary rock composed of sand-sized grains, primarily SiO2)

Fossiliferous limestone

Calcite-rich limestone (primarily CaCO₃), possibly containing fossil fragments

Banded gneiss

Foliated gneiss, likely quartz–feldspar–mica gneiss

Banded gneiss

Quartz–feldspar gneiss, possibly biotite-bearing; exact identification requires testing

Banded gneiss

Gneiss, commonly quartz–feldspar–mica gneiss

Coal

Bituminous Coal / Anthracite

Chert (specifically Silex or Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Ironstone concretion

Iron-oxide-cemented sedimentary concretion, commonly hematite/goethite with quartz or clay

Banded sandstone pebble

Lithic or quartz-rich sandstone; exact composition requires testing

Banded sedimentary rock (likely sandstone or siltstone)

Layered siliciclastic sedimentary rock; exact identification is not possible from the image alone

Sandstone (Pebble)

Arenite

Sandstone Pebble

Arenite

Sandstone (with Iron Oxide)

Quartz Arenite / Ferruginous Sandstone (SiO2 with Fe2O3)

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz Sandstone)

Jasper

SiO2

Pebble (likely Quartz or Chert)

SiO₂ (Silicon Dioxide) - referring to the likely main mineral composition, Quartz. If it's chert, the scientific name remains SiO₂ with a microcrystalline structure.

Tumbled milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Likely banded gneiss

Gneiss (quartz–feldspar–mica-rich rock; exact identification uncertain from the photo)

Milky quartz crystal cluster

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Banded gneiss

Foliated gneiss, likely quartz–feldspar–mica gneiss

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide inclusions

Magnetite / Ironstone

Magnetite (Fe3O4)

Pyrite-bearing sulfide specimen

Pyrite (FeS₂), possibly mixed with chalcopyrite or other iron sulfides