Anthropogenic Sedimentary (Man Made)

Amber (Copal)

Organic gemstone, fossilized tree resin (often immature amber or copal)

Mixed Gemstone Beaded Jewelry

Various minerals (e.g., Quartz varieties like Rose Quartz, Amethyst; Peridot; Garnet; etc.)

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Pearl (Biogenic Mineraloid)

Calcium carbonate (Aragonite) and Conchiolin, CaCO3

White Marble

Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Obsidian

Obsidian (volcanic glass, amorphous silica rich rock)

BROWN GRANITE (likely 'Tan Brown' or similar)

Granite (specifically a variety rich in orthoclase feldspar, often with biotite and possibly hornblende)

Sea Glass (Frosted Glass)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with various metal oxide impurities

Metal Alloy (Jewelry)

Not a naturally occurring rock or mineral; likely a metal alloy for jewelry. Possible compositions include sterling silver (92.5% silver, 7.5% copper), or other silver/gold alloys.

United States Quarter Dollar

Cupronickel Clad Alloy (75% Copper, 25% Nickel over a 100% Copper core)

Green Glass Cullet / Recycled Glass

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with various metal oxides

Muscovite Mica

Muscovite (Potassium Aluminum Silicate Hydroxide Fluoride), KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2

Goldstone

Not a natural mineral or rock. It is an ornamental glass.

Granite (weathered pebble)

Granite (plutonic igneous rock)

Granite Cobble/Pebble

Granite

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (composed primarily of serpentine-group minerals like antigorite, chrysotile, and lizardite; chemical formula varies but generally Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)

Titanium Aura Quartz

Titanium-coated Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Titanium Coated Aura Quartz (Apple Aura Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Metallic Vapor Deposition Coating

Goldfish Cracker (Culinary Mimic)

Cibus aurum (Commonly composed of Enriched Wheat Flour and Cheddar Cheese)

Jade (likely Nephrite Jade based on appearance)

Nephrite (a variety of actinolite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)

Cullet Glass (Industrial Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with metallic oxide impurities

Obsidian

Obsidian (volcanic glass)

South Korean 100 Won Coin (Cupronickel)

Cupronickel Alloy (75% Cu, 25% Ni)

Glazed Ceramic Tile

Fused Silicate-Clay composite

Efflorescence (on Clay Brick)

Crystalline salt deposits (typically Sodium Sulfate Na2SO4, Calcium Carbonate CaCO3, or Potassium Sulfate K2SO4)

Basalt

Basalt

Granite

Granite (a common rock name, not a single mineral species, composed primarily of quartz, feldspar, and mica/amphibole)

Smoky Quartz

Smoky Quartz (SiO2)

White Jade (Nephrite)

Nephrite, Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock type, not a single mineral, composed primarily of lazurite, calcite, and pyrite)

Rose Quartz (likely carved)

Rose Quartz (SiO2)

Rose Quartz Carving

Quartum roseum (Variety of Quartz, SiO2)

Sandstone or Siltstone

Arenite (if sandstone)

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Iron Slag

Vitreous glassy waste (Fe-Si-Al-Ca compounds)

Garnet Beads

Garnet Group (complex nesosilicates, e.g., Almandine Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Gold

Aurum (Au)

Jade (Nephrite or Jadeite)

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) or Jadeite (Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6)

Shale or Slaty Mudstone

Argillaceous sedimentary rock

Chert Breccia

Brecciated Chert (Microcrystalline Silica)

Shale (Ferruginous)

Laminated Mudrock (Siliciclastic Sedimentary Rock)