Industrial Byproduct (Often Confused With Igneous Rocks Or Meteorites)

Green Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Quartz (Citrine or Iron-Stained)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Black Tourmaline (Schorl)

Schorl (NaFe3Al6(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)4)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

FeO(OH)·nH2O (Hydrous ferric oxide)

Travertine (often colloquially called Tufa)

Chemical Sedimentary Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Magnetite (potentially Lodestone)

Magnetite (Iron(II,III) oxide, Fe3O4)

Quartzite

Quartzite (predominantly SiO2)

Bituminous Coal

Organic Sedimentary Rock (Carbon-based)

Tiger’s eye

Chatoyant quartz (fibrous quartz pseudomorph after crocidolite), SiO₂

Gneiss (High-grade Metamorphic Rock)

Gneiss

Amethyst

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) - a variety of Quartz

Sandstone with Foliose Lichen

Arenite (Rock matrix) with Xanthoparmelia or Flavoparmelia (Lichen genus)

Pyrite

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartzite Pebble

Quartzite (mostly SiO2)

Quartzite

Quartzite (SiO2)

Pyrite

Iron Pyrite (FeS2)

Sodalite

Sodalite (Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2)

Ruby Zoisite

Anyolite (Calcium aluminium silicate with Chromium/Corundum inclusions)

Diabase (Greenstone)

Diabase (also known as Dolerite)

Quartzite with inclusions

Quartzite (SiO2)

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Rhodolite Garnet

Magnesium Aluminum Silicate; formula: (Mg,Fe)3Al2(SiO4)3

Granite

Intrusive Igneous Rock

Gneiss

Gneiss

Faceted Clear Quartz

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Colorless faceted gemstone (likely cubic zirconia)

Cubic zirconia, zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂); possibly synthetic quartz or glass imitation

Red Sandstone

Clastic Sedimentary Rock (typically contains Quartz and Iron Oxide)

Quartz Geode

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within a sedimentary or volcanic shell

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Labradorite

(Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8 (Plagioclase Feldspar)

Sandstone (with cross-bedding)

Arenite (composed primarily of Quartz: SiO2)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Quartzite

Quartzite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Mica Group Minerals

There isn't a single scientific name as 'Mica' refers to a group of phyllosilicate minerals. Common scientific names include Muscovite (KAl₂ (AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂), Biotite (K(Mg,Fe)₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), Phlogopite (KMg₃AlSi₃O₁₀(OH)₂), and Lepidolite (K(Li,Al)₃(Al,Si,Rb)₄O₁₀(F,OH)₂).

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Disulfide (FeS2)

Quartzite (River Pebble)

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Pyrite (Fool's Gold)

Iron Sulfide (FeS2)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (composed primarily of serpentine-group minerals like antigorite, chrysotile, and lizardite; chemical formula varies but generally Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)

White Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)