Man Made Object (Metalwork)

Carved turquoise arrowhead/pendant

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Weathered greenish-gray rock fragment

Tentatively basaltic or mafic metamorphic rock; exact identification is uncertain from the photograph

Basalt cobble in concrete aggregate

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase feldspar and pyroxene, with possible olivine and iron-titanium oxides

Moon (lunar surface depiction)

Lunar rock; chiefly anorthosite, basalt, and breccia (plagioclase-rich CaAl2Si2O8)

Tumbled brown jasper pebble

Jasper, microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly with iron-oxide impurities

Fossilized shell fragment, likely bivalve

Bivalvia indet.; commonly preserved as calcite (CaCO₃) shell material

Polished septarian-style jasper or rhyolite

Likely silica-rich volcanic rock, possibly rhyolite, with iron-oxide and manganese-oxide veining

Polished gray stone pebble

Likely fine-grained basalt or andesite; exact identification is uncertain from the photograph

United States Quarter Dollar

Cupronickel Clad Alloy (75% Copper, 25% Nickel over a 100% Copper core)

Decorative opal-like turtle mosaic

Likely imitation or assembled opal material; exact stones cannot be confirmed visually

Unknown Organic Object (likely a berry or fruit)

Not applicable; this is not a geological specimen. If it were a cranberry, its scientific name would be Vaccinium macrocarpon; if a cherry, it would be Prunus avium or Prunus cerasus.

Light-colored rounded stone, possibly quartzite or limestone

Uncertain; likely quartzite (quartz, SiO₂) or calcitic limestone (calcite, CaCO₃)

Tumbled smoky quartz or dark agate

Quartz, SiO₂; possibly chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂

Fossil coral

Colonial scleractinian coral fossil, likely a tabulate or honeycomb coral; exact genus requires microscopy

Likely iron meteorite fragment

Iron–nickel meteorite, primarily kamacite and taenite (Fe–Ni alloy)

Polished basalt pebble (likely vesicular basalt)

Basalt; fine-grained mafic volcanic rock, principally plagioclase and pyroxene with possible olivine and iron oxides

Dyed blue chalcedony (likely dyed agate or quartzite)

Chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂; blue color likely artificial dye

Amethyst cluster

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Polished amethyst pyramid

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Turquoise cabochon

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (primarily Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Blue Chalcedony Cube

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond

Native Carbon (C)

Fossil Shark Tooth

Lamniform (Mackerel Shark) fossil tooth, likely Otodus or Cretalamna

Gabbro

Gabbro

Weathered limestone with possible fossil or calcite coating

Limestone; primarily calcium carbonate (CaCO₃), chiefly calcite

Fossil shark tooth in limestone

Selachii indet.; calcitic fossil embedded in carbonate rock

White quartzite pebble (tentative)

Quartzite; predominantly microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂)

Fossilized shell or coral fragment

Indeterminate marine mollusk or colonial coral fossil; likely calcite/aragonite replaced by calcite (CaCO₃)

Dark shale or slate fragment

Carbonaceous shale, possibly low-grade slate; composition mainly clay minerals, quartz, and organic carbon

Corundum (Ruby variety)

Aluminium oxide (Al2O3)

Diamond (as set in a gold ring)

Carbon (C)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Large weathered granite boulder

Granite, typically quartz–alkali feldspar–plagioclase–biotite assemblage

Carved ruby-in-zoisite frog

Ruby-in-zoisite (corundum, Al₂O₃, in zoisite, Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)(Si₂O₇)O(OH))

Selenite (satin spar gypsum)

Gypsum, CaSO₄·2H₂O; fibrous variety commonly sold as satin spar

Blue-green mineral specimen, likely chrysocolla or turquoise

Chrysocolla: hydrated copper phyllosilicate, approximately Cu₂H₂O₅Si; Turquoise: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Petrified Wood (Agatized/Silicified Wood)

Silicified Wood / Chalcedony (SiO2)

Polished granite slab with a silver jewelry item

Granite; chiefly quartz, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, and biotite/hornblende

Uncertain dark-and-white rock fragment

Likely a mixed lithic specimen, possibly quartz-bearing granite or ore; exact identification is not possible from the photograph

Possible metallic meteorite or iron-nickel bead

Unconfirmed; possible Fe–Ni alloy (kamacite/taenite)

Jadeite (Jade)

Jadeite, NaAlSi₂O₆