Mineral (Native Element)

Polished quartz-rich pebble, possibly gold-bearing quartz vein material

Quartz (SiO₂) with probable iron-oxide staining and metallic sulfide inclusions

Amygdaloidal Basalt

Amygdaloidal Basalt (with secondary mineral infilling)

Moqui Marble (Shaman Stone)

Iron Oxide Concretion (Hematite/Goethite-encased Sandstone)

Pyrite-bearing quartz vein (likely pyrite ore)

Pyrite, FeS₂, with abundant quartz (SiO₂) and possibly chalcopyrite

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite impurities

Pyrite-bearing quartz rock

Pyrite (FeS₂) in quartz-rich matrix, possibly with mica or chlorite

Agate Geode / Thunderegg

Chalcedony (cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz), SiO2

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrous phosphate of copper and aluminium)

Turquoise with Pyrite

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O] with Iron Pyrite (FeS2)

Yellow Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Argillite / Mudstone

Argillaceous sedimentary rock

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2 with iron oxide impurities)

Red Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide with iron oxide inclusions), SiO2

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrous Phosphate of Copper and Aluminum)

Native gold (gold nugget)

Native gold, Au; commonly alloyed with silver and copper (electrum when silver-rich)

Polished native copper nugget

Native copper (Cu), likely with cuprite/tenorite and iron-oxide alteration

Native gold specimen (probable gold-bearing quartz)

Native gold, Au, with likely quartz (SiO₂) and possibly iron-oxide/sulfide matrix

Tumbled turquoise

Turquoise, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Turquoise (likely stabilized or Howlite/Magnesite imitation)

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium, CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum; CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Spiny Oyster Shell

Spondylus varians (Biogenic Calcium Carbonate)

Thunderegg (Agetized Geode nodule)

Rhyolitic Agate Nodule (SiO2 filling volcanic cavities)

Fossilized bone fragment, possibly vertebrate tooth or jaw

Mineralized vertebrate bone; commonly apatite [Ca5(PO4)3(F,OH,Cl)] replacing original bone

Native gold-bearing quartz/rock specimen

Native gold (Au) in quartz and iron-oxide matrix

Silver (Sterling Silver)

Argentum (Ag) mixed with Copper (Cu); Formula: Ag+Cu

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with impure Iron oxides

Gold Ore (in Quartz/Sulfide matrix)

Native Gold (Au) in Quartz (SiO2) and Pyrite (FeS2)

Conglomeratic breccia (possibly polymictic volcanic breccia)

Polymictic breccia; clasts in a fine-grained volcanic or sedimentary matrix

Chert (variations include Flint)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Goldstone (likely blue-free synthetic goldstone pendant)

Synthetic aventurine glass; silica glass with dispersed metallic copper crystals

Pyrite-bearing quartz vein rock

Pyrite (FeS₂) with quartz (SiO₂), likely in a schistose or altered host rock

Gold-bearing sulfide ore (tentative)

Native gold, likely with pyrite/chalcopyrite in quartz or altered rock

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Unknown brown-and-gold rock fragment

Undetermined; possibly iron-stained quartz, mica schist, or sulfide-bearing ore

Turquoise in Matrix

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite inclusions

Yellow Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Gold Ore (in Quartz/Pyrite)

Native Gold (Au) with Quartz (SiO2) and Pyrite (FeS2)

Weathered iron-rich rock, possibly limonite-bearing quartzite or ironstone

Limonite/goethite-rich Fe-oxide rock; exact identification requires testing

Moqui Marble (Iron Oxide Concretion)

Iron Oxide Concretion (primarily Limonite/Hematite around a Sandstone center)

Native Copper (in coinage alloy)

Copper (Cu)