Mineral (Pseudomorph)

Pegmatite

Igneous Pegmatite

Satin Spar (often sold as Selenite)

Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate, CaSO4·2H2O)

Malachite or Chrysocolla on Host Rock

Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 (Malachite) or (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4 (Chrysocolla)

Turquoise

Turquoise (Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium), CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Rhodonite

(Mn,Fe,Mg,Ca)SiO3

Sandstone (with Limonite/Iron Staining)

Arenite (SiO2 based) with FeO(OH) staining

Sandstone (Iron-stained)

Arenite with Limonite/Hematite staining

Limonite (Ironstone Concretion)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Sandstone

Sandstone (clastic sedimentary rock)

Concretion with Geode Cavity

Ferruginous Sandstone Concretion with Quartz Center

Milky Quartz with Iron Staining

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Turquoise (possible Dyed Howlite or Magnesite imitation)

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Turquoise)

Ferruginous Quartz (Iron-Stained Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide inclusions

Red Sandstone (Iron-Rich)

Arenite (Fe2O3)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (Ferruginous Sandstone)

Red Sandstone (with possible iron oxide staining)

Sandstone (primarily Quartz with Hematite/Goethite cement)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Limonite

Limonite (Hydrous iron oxides, FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Turquoise

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrated copper and aluminum phosphate)

Turquoise

Hydrate phosphate of copper and aluminium (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Quartz Vein in Host Rock (Gneiss/Schist)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within a metamorphic matrix

Red Sandstone

Arenite (with Iron Oxide cement)

Sandstone with Iron Oxide (Limonite/Hematite)

Ferruginous Sandstone (SiO2 with FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Moonstone

Orthoclase (Potassium Feldspar) - (K,Na)AlSi3O8

Milky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Banded Gneiss

Gneiss (High-grade Regional Metamorphic Rock)

Copper Ore (Chrysocolla/Malachite in host rock)

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate and copper carbonate hydroxide

Azurite in Matrix

Azurite (Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2) in Rhyolite or Sandstone matrix

Amygdaloidal Basalt

Amygdaloidal Basalt with Secondary Infilling (e.g., Agate, Quartz, or Zeolite)

Fluorite (Green Fluorite)

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (A complex rock primarily composed of Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Rounded granite cobble

Granite; chiefly quartz, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, and biotite/hornblende

Milky quartz (rough quartz fragment)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Milky quartz with iron-oxide staining

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), commonly intergrown massive quartz

Tumbled and polished quartz crystal points

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), chiefly rock crystal with smoky or included varieties

Clear quartz crystal point

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), likely a polished or cut crystal

Weathered river stones, likely basaltic andesite and related volcanic rocks

Fine-grained mafic/intermediate volcanic rocks; commonly basalt (plagioclase + pyroxene ± olivine) or andesite (plagioclase + pyroxene ± amphibole)

Lapis Lazuli (Low-grade)

Lapis Lazuli (Aggregate of Lazurite, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Unakite Epidote-Granite

Unakite (Epidotized Granite)