Mineral (Treated)

Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Fire Agate (Crackle Agate)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Cryptocrystalline Quartz

Tiger's Eye

Pseudomorph of Quartz after Crocidolite (SiO2 with Iron inclusions)

Polished labradorite cabochon

Labradorite, plagioclase feldspar; approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈

Green Quartz (Prasiolite)

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Citrine Quartz (or Heat-Treated Amethyst / Smoky Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Emerald-and-diamond ring

Emerald: beryl, Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆, colored by chromium and/or vanadium; surrounding stones appear to be diamonds: carbon

Tumbled orange chalcedony (probable carnelian)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; iron-bearing orange chalcedony

Tumbled carnelian (probable)

Carnelian, a chalcedony variety of microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), colored mainly by iron oxides

Dark green cabochon, likely serpentine or nephrite jade

Serpentine-group minerals, commonly antigorite/lizardite; possible nephrite (microcrystalline tremolite-actinolite)

Red-and-brown agate bead bracelet

Agate, a microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂), likely colored chalcedony/carnelian

Champagne topaz (likely)

Topaz, Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂

Bornite

Copper Iron Sulfide (Cu5FeS4)

Tumbled orange-red translucent stone, likely carnelian

Carnelian, a chalcedony variety of microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂)

Blue lace agate (likely chalcedony)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; likely pale blue chalcedony, possibly dyed

Polished red-orange chalcedony (likely carnelian)

Carnelian, a microcrystalline variety of quartz; SiO₂, commonly colored by iron oxides

Black Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with carbon/iron inclusions

Blue Quartz / Glass Gemstone Pendant

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide) or Synthetic Glass

Faceted citrine-colored gemstone

Likely citrine (quartz, SiO₂); possibly yellow glass or synthetic gem

Blue Topaz

Al2SiO4(F,OH)2

Dyed Quartz Pendant

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial dye

Iron-stained quartz crystal

Quartz (SiO₂), likely limonite/goethite inclusions or surface coating

Tumbled yellow quartz (likely citrine or iron-stained quartz)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); yellow coloration likely from iron impurities

Onyx (Black Onyx)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Blue gemstone, likely iolite or blue sapphire

Iolite (cordierite, Mg₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈) or corundum (sapphire, Al₂O₃)

Green Quartz (Prasiolite)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Popcorn

Zea mays everta (P. Wilson) (Botanical name for the corn variety)

Polished black stone, likely black jasper or basalt

Most likely microcrystalline quartz (black jasper/chert), SiO₂; basalt is a plausible alternative

Red Garnet

Almandine and Pyrope (Silicate minerals: Fe3Al2(SiO4)3 and Mg3Al2(SiO4)3)

Blue Lace Agate (Heat-treated/Crackle Quartz variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Purple Garnet

Magnesium Aluminum Silicate (Pyrope-Almandine series) Mg3Al2(SiO4)3

Blue sapphire

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), colored blue mainly by iron and titanium

Carnelian pendant

Carnelian, orange chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂)

Blue sapphire (likely synthetic or treated corundum)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), blue from iron and titanium impurities

Polished honey-yellow quartz-like crystal

Quartz (SiO₂), possibly citrine or heat-treated amethyst

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), chromium-bearing; possibly lab-created ruby or red glass imitation

Chrysocolla-bearing copper ore

Chrysocolla, hydrated copper phyllosilicate: approximately (Cu,Al)₂H₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄·nH₂O; possibly mixed with malachite/black copper oxides

Yellow chalcedony (likely lemon-yellow quartz)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; possibly iron-bearing or heat-treated chalcedony

Black Onyx

Black Chalcedony (SiO2)

Turquoise bead bracelet

Turquoise — hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Blue sapphire ring

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), blue variety colored mainly by iron and titanium

Amber (and Citrine Quartz)

Succinite (Amber) and Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)