Mineral Composite

Chrysocolla

Hydrated copper phyllosilicate (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4 nH2O

Turquoise in Matrix

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminum (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O)

Purple Fluorite Octahedron

Fluorite (Calcium Fluoride, CaF2)

Jadeite and Mixed Gemstones (Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald)

Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6), Corundum (Al2O3), Beryl (Be3Al2(Si6O18))

Sandstone Pebble with Mineral Encrustation

Quartz Sandstone with Calcite/Halite Crust

Limonite with Gold-bearing Quartz

Hydrated Iron Oxide Hydroxide, FeO(OH)·nH2O

Sedimentary Rock Fragments

Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Jasper with Purple Fluorite or Chalcedony

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with mineral inclusions

Rhodochrosite

Manganese carbonate (MnCO3)

Limonite / Ironstone

FeO(OH)·nH2O

Hemimorphite on Limonite Gossan

Hemimorphite (Zn4Si2O7(OH)2·H2O) on Limonite matrix

Sandstone

Arenite (SiO2 based)

Sandstone

Clastic Sedimentary Rock

Pegmatite

Igneous Pegmatite (Quartz-Feldspar-Biotite)

Septarian Nodule

Septarian Concretion (Calcite, Aragonite, and Limestone)

Fossilized Shark Tooth (Megalodon or Carcharocles fragment)

Elasmobranchii (Fossilized tooth root / crown section)

Granodiorite

Granodiorite (intermediate plutonic rock)

Collection of Minerals and Ores

Various (e.g., Uraninite (U3O8), Carbon (C), Native Gold (Au), Hematite (Fe2O3), Galena (PbS), etc.)

Pearl (Biogenic Mineral)

Calcium Carbonate (primarily Aragonite) with Conchiolin; CaCO3

Hematite Mineral Ore

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Pearl (as a Biogenic Mineral)

Calcium Carbonate (mostly Aragonite) with Conchiolin; CaCO3

Rounded quartz-rich cobble, likely granite-derived stone

Granite or granitic gneiss, composed mainly of quartz, feldspar, and minor mica

Milky quartz (quartz-rich rock)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); likely massive quartz with minor iron-stained impurities

Milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Green Jasper Pebble

Microcrystalline Quartz (Chalcedony), SiO2

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

White Quartz with Black Tourmaline

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Schorl (NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3OH)

Quartz (with probable host rock)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Bauxite

Bauxite (Al2O3·nH2O)

Olivine in Basalt (Peridotite Xenolith)

Forsterite-rich Olivine (Mg2SiO4) in Aphanitic Basalt

Banded Chert

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Limonite-stained Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron Oxide/Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·nH2O) staining

Chert (specifically Flint or Jasper variant)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (A metamorphic rock primarily composed of Lazurite: (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2)

Limonite

Limonite (FeOO·nH2O)

Sandstone (Red)

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Uncertain small pale mineral fragment

Indeterminate; possibly calcite or a light-colored feldspar fragment

Green copper-mineral specimen, likely chrysocolla or copper-bearing serpentine

Tentatively chrysocolla (hydrated copper phyllosilicate, approximately (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4·nH2O); exact identification requires testing

Blue quartz-like mineral specimen

Likely quartz (SiO₂), possibly dyed or coated; exact identification requires testing

Small polished pink-and-white mineral pebble

Likely rose quartz or pale pink quartz; exact identification is uncertain from the image

Raw smoky quartz with dark mineral inclusions

Quartz (SiO₂), likely smoky quartz; dark inclusions may be chlorite, tourmaline, or iron/manganese oxides