Mineral Simulant (Synthetic Glass)

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Blue glassy mineral specimen, possibly blue topaz or aquamarine

Tentatively topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂) or beryl/aquamarine (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈); identification is limited by severe image blur

Goldstone

Aventurine glass (Synthetic glass with copper inclusions)

Cubic Zirconia (Jewelry Setting)

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Yellow faceted gemstone, likely citrine or yellow beryl

Quartz (SiO₂), if citrine; beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈), if heliodor

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Opalite

Man-made Glass (Synthetic Opalized Glass)

Black spinel bead strand

Spinel, magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl₂O₄)

Blue Goldstone

Aventurine glass (Synthetic borosilicate glass with cobalt and metallic inclusions)

Hematite cameo or hematine imitation

Hematite (Fe₂O₃); possibly synthetic hematine or black glass

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Ruby (Rough/Raw)

Corundum (Al2O3:Cr)

Tiger’s eye

Quartz (SiO₂), fibrous pseudomorph after crocidolite

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Goldstone (Brown)

Aventurine Glass (Silicon Dioxide infused with Copper crystals)

Dyed howlite or turquoise imitation

Howlite: Ca₂B₅SiO₉(OH)₅; turquoise: CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Tumbled labradorite beads

Labradorite, a calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar (approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈)

Green cabochon gemstone pendant, likely turquoise or dyed green turquoise

Probably turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact identification requires testing

Likely smoky quartz cabochon ring

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), brown variety colored by irradiation and trace aluminum

Faceted gemstone in a jewelry setting

Indeterminate from image; likely quartz, cubic zirconia, or another transparent faceted stone

Asphalt / Road Aggregate

Bituminous Conglomerate (synthetic)

Note on Image Identification: Textile

N/A (Anthropogenic material)

Turquoise

Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Simulated Moonstone/Opal)

Gold and Cubic Zirconia (San Judas Tadeo Pendant)

Native Gold (Au) with Synthetic Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2)

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Silicon Carbide, SiC

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic ZrO₂), possibly glass or white sapphire

Ruby (or potential synthetic/imitation)

Corundum (Al2O3)

Rough Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with ferric iron impurities

Red cabochon gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Possibly corundum (Al₂O₃, chromium-colored); identity cannot be confirmed from the image

Diamond

Natural Diamond (Carbon, C)

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby or red spinel

Ruby: corundum (Al₂O₃); spinel: MgAl₂O₄; visual identification alone is insufficient

Faceted colorless gemstone, likely cubic zirconia or diamond

Cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂) or diamond (carbon, C)

Turquoise-colored ring stone (possibly turquoise or imitation)

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; identity cannot be confirmed from the image

Tumbled blue-green stone, possibly aquamarine or chalcedony

Indeterminate from image; possibilities include beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈) or cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO₂)

Banded Black Onyx (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Small faceted gemstone, likely diamond

Diamond (crystalline carbon, C)

Hematite / Goethite (Iron Ore)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3 / FeO(OH))

Diamond jewelry

Diamond (crystalline carbon, C)

Colorless faceted gemstones, likely quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), trigonal crystal system