Mineral Simulant (Synthetic Glass)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Green cabochon gemstone pendant, likely turquoise or dyed green turquoise

Probably turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact identification requires testing

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic ZrO₂), possibly glass or white sapphire

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Black spinel bead strand

Spinel, magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl₂O₄)

Ruby (or potential synthetic/imitation)

Corundum (Al2O3)

Pink faceted gemstone ring (stone uncertain)

Possibly tourmaline or glass; image alone cannot establish identity

Rough Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with ferric iron impurities

Turquoise

Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Note on Image Identification: Textile

N/A (Anthropogenic material)

Goldstone (aventurine glass)

Synthetic copper-bearing soda-lime glass; commonly sold as red goldstone

Red cabochon gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Possibly corundum (Al₂O₃, chromium-colored); identity cannot be confirmed from the image

Faceted purple gemstone, possibly amethyst

Likely quartz (SiO₂), variety amethyst; identification is uncertain from the image

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Silicon Carbide, SiC

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Amorphized Silicon Dioxide)

Opalite

Synthetic Fluorescent Glass (SiO2 + impurities)

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby or red spinel

Ruby: corundum (Al₂O₃); spinel: MgAl₂O₄; visual identification alone is insufficient

Banded Black Onyx (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Hematite / Goethite (Iron Ore)

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3 / FeO(OH))

Polished labradorite cabochon

Labradorite, calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar; approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈

Agate (Polished Sphere)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Tumbled blue-green stone, possibly aquamarine or chalcedony

Indeterminate from image; possibilities include beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈) or cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO₂)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or quartz

Uncertain; appearance is consistent with faceted quartz (SiO₂), but cut glass or cubic zirconia cannot be excluded from the photograph

Turquoise-colored ring stone (possibly turquoise or imitation)

Turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; identity cannot be confirmed from the image

Goldstone

Avventurina (Cu + SiO2 glass)

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant/Cubic Zirconia)

Carbon (C) - if diamond, or Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) - if Cubic Zirconia

Goldstone (Red)

Aventurine Glass

Small faceted gemstone, likely diamond

Diamond (crystalline carbon, C)

Colorless faceted gemstones, likely quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), trigonal crystal system

Black onyx or black obsidian bead bracelet

Likely chalcedony (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂) if onyx; alternatively volcanic glass (obsidian)

Jadeite and Mixed Gemstones (Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald)

Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6), Corundum (Al2O3), Beryl (Be3Al2(Si6O18))

Faceted colorless gemstone, likely cubic zirconia or diamond

Cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂) or diamond (carbon, C)

Emerald (cut gemstone)

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈, colored green mainly by chromium and/or vanadium

Diamond jewelry

Diamond (crystalline carbon, C)

Strawberry Quartz (Lepidocrosite/Hematite-Included Quartz)

Quartz (Silicon Dioxide) with Lepidocrosite or Hematite inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3 · nH2O)

Artificial Rock Face (Faux Rock)

Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete (GFRC)

Silicon

Element Si

Blue cabochon gemstone, likely synthetic glass or dyed stone

Indeterminate from image; possible glass, synthetic spinel, sodalite, or lapis lazuli

Labradorite cabochon

Labradorite, a calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar; approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈

Amethyst ring

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Blue Topaz

Topaz [Al2SiO4(F,OH)2]

Green aventurine bead (likely)

Quartz, SiO₂, with green fuchsite inclusions