Mineral Simulant (Synthetic Glass)

Sedimentary Rock with Crafts (Pet Rock)

Sedimentary rock decorated with synthetic materials

Blue-green faceted gemstone, likely turquoise or treated turquoise

Turquoise: hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact identification is uncertain from the image

Opal-like cabochon ring stone

Likely common opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O); exact material uncertain from the photograph

Serpentine (Greenstone)

Antigorite, Lizardite, and Chrysolite mixture (Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)

Ruby (mounted cabochon)

Corundum, Al₂O₃; red color typically from chromium

Silicon

Element Si

Strawberry Quartz (or Rose Quartz / Cherry Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Lepidocrocite, Hematite, or Goethite inclusions

Man-made Glass (Tumbled/Shaped)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metal oxide colorants

Dyed Pink Quartzite (Jadeite Simulant)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with organic dye

Smoky Quartz

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (composed primarily of Serpentine minerals: Mg3Si2O5(OH)4)

Faceted glass-like gemstone object

Likely synthetic glass or cubic zirconia; exact material cannot be confirmed from the image

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-rich metamorphic rock (approx. Na6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(S,SO4,Cl)1,2)

Vesicular Basalt (Scoria)

Extrusive Mafic Volcanic Rock (FeO-SiO2-MgO)

Red corundum (ruby-colored polished crystal)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃); red color is typically caused by chromium

Blue Goldstone

Aventurine Glass (SiO2 with Co and metallic inclusions)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Digital Multimeter (Synthetic Object)

Digital Multimeter (DMM)

Polished pink corundum (likely treated ruby)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃); ruby when red-to-pink from chromium

Blue gemstone, likely tumbled sapphire or blue spinel

Corundum (Al₂O₃) if sapphire; alternatively spinel (MgAl₂O₄)

Faceted pale-green gemstone, likely prasiolite or green quartz

Quartz (SiO₂), likely prasiolite; identification is uncertain from the photograph

Smoky Quartz

Silicon dioxide with aluminum impurities (SiO2)

Blue glass-like cabochon, likely dyed or synthetic material

Uncertain; possibly dyed chalcedony, synthetic spinel, or blue glass

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Green Glass (often marketed as 'Obsidian' or 'Green Quartz')

Amorphous Silica (SiO2) with copper or chromium additives

Howlite

Howlite (Calcium borosilicate hydroxide, Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Green faceted gemstone, likely emerald

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈, colored green by chromium and/or vanadium

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3) with traces of Iron and Titanium

Green faceted bead strand, likely dyed or synthetic material

Uncertain; possibly green-dyed quartz, glass, or lab-created emerald-like material

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia)

Cubic Carbon (C) or Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Serpentine (Nephrite-like Serpentine)

Serpentinite (Hydrous magnesium iron phyllosilicate)

Serpentinite

Serpentinite (composed primarily of Serpentine group minerals: (Mg,Fe,Ni,Al,Zn,Mn)2-3(Si,Al,Fe)2O5(OH)4)

Star sapphire ring

Corundum (Al₂O₃), likely asteriated sapphire

Blue faceted gemstone ring, likely synthetic sapphire or blue topaz

Uncertain from image; possible corundum (Al₂O₃) or topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂)

Gemstone-set silver jewelry piece

Likely mixed faceted gemstones in a silver-colored metal setting; stones may include sapphire, ruby/garnet, and yellow sapphire or citrine, but the image is insufficient for species-level identification.

Faceted clear quartz (rock crystal), likely a cut imitation or low-grade gemstone

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Faceted blue gemstone, likely aquamarine

Aquamarine—blue beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; identification is uncertain from the image alone

Plastic Building Toy (Lego-style piece)

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)

Green glassy cabochon, likely dyed or synthetic material

Uncertain; possibly green obsidian, chrysoprase, or synthetic glass

Tumbled green beryl or glassy green gemstone

Likely beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; possibly treated emerald or synthetic glass

Iridescent polished gemstone, likely opal

Common or precious opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O), possibly synthetic or glass imitation