Mineraloid Like Synthetic Material

Ruby (in costume jewelry context)

Corundum (Al2O3) with Chromium impurities

Mahogany Obsidian

Volcanic Glass with Hematite/Magnetite inclusions

Likely rough amber

Amber (fossilized tree resin; composition varies, commonly dominated by polymerized terpenoids)

Mahogany Obsidian

Volcanic glass (Silicon Dioxide with Hematite/Magnetite inclusions)

Emerald (cut gemstone)

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈, colored green mainly by chromium and/or vanadium

Clear faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), probably cubic zirconia; exact identification requires testing

Green cabochon gemstone, likely aventurine or dyed chalcedony

Indeterminate from image; possible quartz variety (SiO₂), including aventurine quartz or chalcedony

Lapidary Wax (imitation/wax model)

Hydrocarbon wax blend with colorant (imitating Lapis Lazuli/Emerald)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Opalite

Synthetic Glass / Man-made Opal Simulant

Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (SiO2)

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or garnet

Ruby: corundum (Al₂O₃); possible alternative: almandine garnet (Fe₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃)

Snowflake Obsidian

Spherulitic Volcanic Glass (SiO2 + impurities)

Diamond ring

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C), likely colorless or near-colorless brilliant-cut stones set in gold

Mahogany Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (predominantly SiO2 with Fe2O3 inclusions)

Amethyst (Resin Carving/Orgonite)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Blue-beaded gemstone jewelry, likely lapis lazuli or dyed blue agate

Uncertain from the image; possible lazurite-bearing lapis lazuli (Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂S) or blue chalcedony (SiO₂)

Obsidian

Obsidian (Volcanic Glass)

Obsidian

Obsidian (Volcanic Glass), primarily SiO2

Opalite (a synthetic glass, often confused with Opal)

Silicon dioxide glass (SiO2nH2O, for natural opal)

Pink-red faceted gemstone, possibly synthetic corundum or spinel

Uncertain; possible ruby (corundum, Al₂O₃) or red spinel (MgAl₂O₄)

Opal gemstone pendant

Opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O)

Blue sapphire ring

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), blue variety colored mainly by iron and titanium

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Limonite; FeO(OH)·nH2O

Corundum (variety Ruby/Sapphire)

Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3)

Ruby

Corundum (Aluminium Oxide with Chromium impurities, Al2O3:Cr)

Heart-shaped faceted gemstone pendant

Likely yellow quartz (citrine) or synthetic yellow stone, set in metal with small clear accent stones

Assorted Semi-Precious Gemstone Crosses

Quartz, Silicates, Carbonates (various)

Amethyst stud earrings

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Polished ruby cabochon (likely synthetic or treated)

Corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), colored red by chromium

Opalite (likely man-made opalescent glass)

Opalite; not a true mineral, typically synthetic opalescent glass (silica-based)

Blue-green turquoise (probable)

Turquoise, hydrous copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Faceted blue gemstone, likely aquamarine

Aquamarine—blue beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; identification is uncertain from the image alone

Black obsidian

Volcanic glass; predominantly rhyolitic silica-rich melt (approximately 70–80% SiO₂), lacking crystalline structure

Mahogany Obsidian

Volcanic Glass with Hematite/Magnetite (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Yellow faceted gemstone, likely citrine or yellow sapphire

Uncertain; probable quartz (SiO₂) or corundum (Al₂O₃)

Silicon

Crystalline Silicon (Si)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium traces)

Limonite (Iron Ore)

Hydrous ferric oxides (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Man-made Ceramic / Clay Figurine

Aluminosilicate Ceramic (Processed Clay)

Green Obsidian Sphere (man-made glass)

Vitreous Silica with Chromium/Iron additives

Cubic Zirconia (simulant) or Diamond

ZrO2 (Cubic Zirconia) or C (Diamond)