Organic (If Resin) Or Synthetic (If Glass); Simulating Sedimentary Or Metamorphic (For Natural Stones)

Pearl

Nacre (aragonite, CaCO₃, in an organic conchiolin matrix)

Amber

Succinite (a specific high-quality amber from the Baltic)

Opalite

Man-made Opalized Glass (Synthetic Glass)

Chert (potentially worked flint)

Cryptocrystalline microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Tumbled chert or flint pebble

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), likely chert; exact variety uncertain from the image

Amber

Fossilized Tree Resin

Honey-colored quartz crystal

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), likely iron-stained or inclusion-rich citrine

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Amber in Matrix

Succinite (Carbon-based organic polymer)

Green cabochon gemstone, likely aventurine or dyed chalcedony

Indeterminate from image; possible quartz variety (SiO₂), including aventurine quartz or chalcedony

Amber

Succinates (Organic Gemstone)

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Dendritic jasper/chalcedony

Silica-rich microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with manganese-oxide dendrites

Goldstone (Red)

Aventurine Glass

Polished blue-black cabochon, likely blue obsidian or dyed glass-like stone

Indeterminate from image; possible natural obsidian (volcanic glass), commonly SiO₂-rich rhyolitic glass

Chert (Nodule)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sapphire (Blue)

Corundum (Al2O3)

Painted River Rock

Artificially Coated Sedimentary Rock

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (Quartz) with inclusions of Fuchsite mica (K(Al,Cr)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2)

Blue cabochon gemstone ring

Likely blue turquoise, glass-filled sapphire, or blue spinel; exact identification requires testing

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3 with trace Titanium and Iron)

Amber

Fossilized plant resin; chiefly an organic polymer (succinite), not a crystalline mineral

Green aventurine (likely dyed quartzite)

Quartzite, predominantly quartz (SiO₂), colored by fuchsite mica or artificial dye

Amethyst ring

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Tufa Rock and Tumbled Gemstones

Calcareous Tufa (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Yellow jasper or polished yellow chalcedony

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂, likely iron-stained jasper/chalcedony

Pearl necklace

Pearl, primarily aragonite (CaCO₃) and conchiolin

Hag Stone

Perforated Flint / Chert Node

Polished malachite

Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Clear Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Labradorite cabochon

Labradorite, a calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar; approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Amber

Succinite (C10H16O)

Tumbled amethyst

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂)

Shungite (Noble/Type II)

Non-crystalline carbon (Fullerene-bearing carbonaceous rock)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Clear Quartz (Tumbled)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amber / Copal

Succinite (fossilized tree resin)

Amber (possibly a small polished amber cabochon)

Fossilized tree resin; amber is an organic gemstone, not a mineral

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3) with traces of Iron and Titanium

Likely citrine or yellow glass imitation in a silver-tone bracelet

Citrine: quartz, SiO₂; exact material cannot be confirmed visually