Organic Gemstone (Not A Rock Or Mineral In The Traditional Sense, But Bio Mineralized Material)

Pearl (Biogenic Mineraloid)

Calcium carbonate (Aragonite) and Conchiolin, CaCO3

Bloodstone (Heliotrope)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2 with iron oxide inclusions)

Amethyst (tumbled quartz)

Quartz, SiO₂; purple variety known as amethyst

Amber

Succinite (fossilized resin)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Goldstone (blue-goldstone–style glass) beads

Artificial aventurine glass, typically silica glass with copper inclusions; not a natural mineral

Dalmatian jasper

Quartz-bearing, orbicular microcrystalline silica (commonly sold as “Dalmatian jasper”; often an altered porphyritic igneous rock)

Turquoise in Matrix

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Hydrated copper aluminum phosphate)

Clear Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Amber

Succinite (C10H16O)

Petrified Wood

Silicified wood (primarily SiO2)

Quartz (Milky Quartz / Quartzite)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Shale

Laminated Mudstone

Amber

Succinite (fossilized resin)

Moss Agate

Chalcedony with inclusions

Amethyst (rough crystal fragment)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron-related impurities

Amethyst quartz geode

Quartz, SiO₂; purple coloration from irradiation and trace iron

Beads (likely glass or man-made material)

N/A (artificial material)

Limonite (vibrant yellowish-brown iron oxide)

Limonite (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Clear quartz crystal fragment

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Unknown brown-and-gold rock fragment

Undetermined; possibly iron-stained quartz, mica schist, or sulfide-bearing ore

Precious Coral

Corallium rubrum (Calcium carbonate with trace carotene)

Likely bituminous coal

Coal, predominantly carbon-rich organic matter; exact rank cannot be confirmed from the image

Chert Pebble (Beach Pebble)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Fossilized bone fragment (probable mammalian tooth or bone)

Mineralized bone, commonly hydroxyapatite [Ca5(PO4)3(OH)] replaced or impregnated by silica/calcite

Amber (likely beach-worn amber or resinous material)

Fossilized plant resin; predominantly organic terpenoid polymers (succinite)

Bloodstone (Heliotrope)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2) with inclusions of Iron Oxide/Hematite

Bauxite

Bauxite (Al(OH)3, γ-AlO(OH), and α-AlO(OH))

Fossilized bivalve shell in limestone

Calcitic fossil shell; likely an oyster or other rudist/bivalve (Bivalvia), preserved in carbonate rock

Baroque Pearl (and potentially a small Sapphire/Blue Topaz)

Pearl: Calcium Carbonate (aragonite or calcite) with conchiolin. Sapphire: Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3). Blue Topaz: Al2SiO4(F,OH)2.

Moss Agate / Chalcedony

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz-bearing metamorphic rock (likely quartz vein in schist or altered granite)

Quartz (SiO₂) in a mica-rich host rock; exact identification requires testing

Possible fossilized bone or tooth fragment

Indeterminate fossilized vertebrate material; mineralized hydroxyapatite replaced or coated by silica/carbonate

Amber

Amber (Fossilized Tree Resin)

Clear Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz (Milk Quartz / Massive Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Almandine Garnet

Iron aluminum silicate (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3)

Weathered Sedimentary Rock

Sedimentary Rock

Amethyst cabochon jewelry

Amethyst, purple variety of quartz (SiO₂)