Sedimentary (Alluvial Deposit)

Banded Calcite (Mexican Onyx)

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Conglomerate (River Rock)

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (Rock composed predominantly of rounded clasts > 2mm)

Banded Black Onyx (Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO₂)

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3) with traces of Iron and Titanium

Pebble (river rock/beach pebble)

Pebble (clast size class)

Sedimentary Rock

Gastropod Fossil (Internal Mold)

Phylum Mollusca, Class Gastropoda (Steinkern)

Yellow Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron hydroxides

Red Jasper (Chert)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (clastic sedimentary rock)

Conglomerate with Quartzite Pebbles

Clastic sedimentary rock (Conglomerate)

Sapphire (Corundum)

Corundum (Al2O3), variety Sapphire

Chert (Honey Chert or Chalcedony Pebble)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Gold

Gold (Au)

Amber

Succinite (Organic Mineraloid)

Banded Agate

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jasper

Jasper (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Yellow Quartzite (River Pebble)

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

metamorphic

Chert Pebble (Jasper variety)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Mineral (specifically, a variety of the mineral species Pyrope-Almandine Garnet)

Garnet (Red Garnet)

Garnet Group. The red varieties seen in jewelry are typically Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3), Pyrope (Mg3Al2(SiO4)3), or a mix of the two (pyrope-almandine series).

Jade

There are two distinct minerals commonly known as Jade: Nephrite (a calcium magnesium silicate - Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2) and Jadeite (a sodium aluminum silicate - NaAlSi2O6). Based on the image showing a typically softer, more fibrous appearance, it is likely Nephrite.

Quartzite Pebble

Quartzite (SiO2)

metamorphic

Quartz Pebble

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (clastic sedimentary rock)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate rock

Gold Nugget

Native Gold (Au)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Hematite impurities

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (clastic sedimentary rock)

Opal

Hydrated Amorphous Silica (SiO2·nH2O)

Native Gold Nuggets

Native Gold (Au)

Chert (specifically Agate/Jasper variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

Sandstone (Pet Rock)

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2)

Chert (Yellow or Tan Chert)

Microcrystalline or Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint or River Stone)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Gowganda Tillite (Puddingstone)

Glacial Tillite (Diamictite) with Jasper inclusions

Sandstone (likely Fossiliferous)

Arenite / Fossiliferous Sandstone (SiO2 composition)

Fairburn Agate / Agate-bearing Breccia

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2) within Jasper/Breccia matrix

Imperial Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Microcrystalline Quartz with Mineral Inclusions

Sedimentary

Garnet (likely Almandine or a blend)

Garnet group: X3Y2(SiO4)3, where X can be Ca, Mg, Fe2+, Mn2+ and Y can be Al, Fe3+, Cr3+. Given the dark, somewhat reddish-brown appearance in the image, it's likely Almandine (Fe3Al2(SiO4)3) or a mix with other iron-rich garnets.

Conglomerate

Conglomerate (clastic sedimentary rock type)