Sedimentary (Secondary Classification For A Weathered Mineral Specimen)

Blue Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Chrysocolla (or Turquoise/Aventurine)

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O

Weathered chert or silicified limestone nodule

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), possibly replacing limestone; exact identification requires testing

Metallic sulfide mineral fragment, likely bornite or chalcopyrite

Bornite (Cu₅FeS₄) or chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂)

Green Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Turquoise (with Hematite)

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Chalcedony (Agate/Chert variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz (Agate/Chalcedony variety)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Honey Calcite

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Limonite with Ironstone

Limonite (hydrated iron(III) oxide-hydroxides), FeO(OH)·nH2O

Jasper or Chert with Quartz Vugs

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fossil bone, possibly a vertebra

Fossilized vertebrate bone; exact taxon cannot be determined from the image

Quartz Cluster (Likely Ferruginous)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Nephrite Jade (Yellow Skin)

Nephrite (Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2)

Jasper with Quartz Veining

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2) with iron oxide impurities

Sandstone

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Yellow Ocher (Limonite)

Limonite (Hydrated Iron Oxide) - FeO(OH)·nH2O

Iron-oxide-stained jasper or weathered ironstone

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with hematite/goethite and probable clay minerals

Iron-stained quartz-rich rock, possibly limonite-bearing quartzite

Quartz (SiO₂) with iron oxides/hydroxides, chiefly hematite and goethite

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Vesicular basalt (likely iron-rich scoria)

Basaltic volcanic rock; chiefly plagioclase, clinopyroxene, olivine, and Fe-Ti oxides

Limonite (Ironstone Concretion)

Hydrous ferric oxides (FeO(OH)·nH2O)

Red Jasper

Silicon Dioxide with Iron Oxide inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Ironstone concretion (likely hematite-rich)

Ferruginous concretion; primarily iron oxides/hydroxides, commonly hematite (Fe₂O₃) and goethite (FeO(OH))

Chondrite Meteorite

Ordinary Chondrite (L or H group classification)

Possible weathered metallic meteorite fragment

Unclassified iron-rich meteorite; exact classification requires laboratory testing

Banded metamorphic rock, likely gneiss

Biotite–quartz–feldspar gneiss, possibly migmatitic

Basalt River Stone

Basalt (Ma-fi-ic Extrusive Igneous Rock)

Chalcedony (Common Agate)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chalcedony (Agate Nodules)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Turquoise and Hematite

Turquoise (CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O) and Hematite (Fe2O3)

Vesicular basalt (weathered volcanic rock)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and commonly olivine, with iron oxides

Quartz Geode

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) within a secondary sedimentary structure

Weathered iron-rich rock, possibly hematite-bearing breccia

Hematite (Fe₂O₃)-rich lithic fragment; exact host rock is uncertain from the image

Quartz Vein in Sedimentary Rock

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with host Chert or Limestone

Green Chalcedony (likely Chrysoprase or Green Onyx)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with trace nickel or chromium inclusions

Weathered sandstone pebble

Quartz-rich sandstone, likely ferruginous sandstone

Weathered iron-rich stone, possibly sandstone or ironstone

Indeterminate; likely quartz-rich sandstone with iron-oxide cement, possibly hematite/goethite

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Quartz Geode

Crystalline Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Conglomeratic volcanic breccia

Lithic volcanic breccia, likely andesitic or basaltic

Iron-rich rock fragment (possibly ironstone or limonite/goethite)

Likely ironstone composed largely of goethite/limonite; image alone cannot confirm