Sedimentary (Synthetic)

Raw Topaz

Aluminum Silicate Fluoride Hydroxide, Al2SiO4(F,OH)2

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite, Sodalite, Calcite, and Pyrite)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3)

Dyed Agate

Agate (Cryptocrystalline Quartz), SiO2

Diamond (faceted)

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

ABS Plastic (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene)

(C8H8)x·(C4H6)y·(C3H3N)z

Clear gemstone earring (likely cubic zirconia)

Cubic zirconia (synthetic zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); identification from the image is uncertain

Polished blue chalcedony or glass-like quartz specimen

Chalcedony (microcrystalline SiO₂), possibly treated or synthetic; exact identification requires testing

Colorless faceted gemstone (most likely synthetic cubic zirconia)

Cubic zirconia, ZrO₂ (likely synthetic); natural alternatives include quartz or diamond

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium traces)

Goldstone (Red/Brown)

Aventurine Glass (SiO2 with Copper inclusions)

Amethyst

Amethyst (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities)

Amber (likely opaque/burnished amber)

Fossilized plant resin; primarily polymerized terpenoid resin (succinite-type amber)

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Cubic Zirconia (CZ) Jewelry

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Apatite

Apatite group mineral (e.g., Fluorapatite - Ca5(PO4)3F, Chlorapatite - Ca5(PO4)3Cl, Hydroxylapatite - Ca5(PO4)3(OH))

Goldstone (aventurine glass)

Synthetic copper-bearing soda-lime glass; commonly sold as red goldstone

Rough Diamond (Uncut Diamond)

Native Carbon (C)

Faceted yellow gemstone ring

Likely yellow sapphire (corundum), but exact identification requires testing; alternatives include citrine, chrysoberyl, or treated diamond.

Diamond

Carbon (C), Native Element

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Carborundum (Silicon Carbide)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Pink Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

White chalcedony (possibly milky quartz) cabochon

Chalcedony, microcrystalline SiO₂; appearance may also represent milky quartz or synthetic imitation

Clear faceted gemstone in a gold-colored setting

Likely colorless quartz (rock crystal) or synthetic cubic zirconia; visual identification is inconclusive

Turquoise

Hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium [CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O]

Ornamental ring with likely blue sapphire and diamonds

Blue corundum (sapphire), Al₂O₃; surrounding stones appear diamond, C, set in gold-colored metal

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18), specifically the green variety colored by chromium or vanadium

Faceted colorless gemstone, likely cubic zirconia or diamond

Most likely synthetic cubic zirconia (ZrO₂); diamond (C) is a less certain alternative

Pearl-embellished decorative cross

Pearl (biogenic calcium carbonate, predominantly aragonite) with rhinestone-mounted glass or synthetic gemstones

Diamond (appearing as a jewelry centerpiece)

Diamond (Formula: C)

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (a rock composed primarily of Lazurite (Na,Ca)₈[(S,Cl,SO₄,OH)₂|(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)], with varying amounts of Calcite, Pyrite, and Sodalite.)

Gemstone butterfly brooch/pendant

Likely faceted pink tourmaline or synthetic spinel in gilt metal; exact identification requires testing

Magnetic Hematite

Magnetized Hematite (an iron oxide mineral, Fe2O3, that has undergone magnetization)

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Strawberry Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions of Goethite or Hematite

Jewelry Chain with Blue and Clear Gemstones (Likely Cubic Zirconia)

Cubic Zirconia (ZrO₂), Silver or White Gold/Platinum Alloy

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Blue opal heart cabochon

Common opal, hydrated amorphous silica (SiO₂·nH₂O), likely blue-dyed or synthetic opalite

Faceted yellow-brown gemstone earring

Likely citrine (quartz, SiO₂), though treated quartz or synthetic glass cannot be confirmed from the image

Wood Beads (Palmwood/Ebony)

Various species for wood, but often refers to woods like Palmwood (e.g., Borassus flabellifer) or Ebony (Diospyros spp.) for their distinctive grain and hardness.