Synthetic (Man Made Material Mimicking Natural Stone)

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; possibly flame-fusion synthetic ruby

Turquoise cabochon pendant

Turquoise, hydrated copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Flint (gray chert)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), a variety of chert

Pink amethyst or pale pink quartz gemstone

Quartz, SiO₂; pink coloration may result from microscopic inclusions or irradiation-related defects

Sandstone Pebble

Ferruginous Sandstone (SiO2 with Fe2O3)

Conglomerate

Conglomerate Rock (Paraconglomerate)

Ametrine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Chert (Honey Chert / Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Blue glass-like heart pendant, likely synthetic blue spinel or colored glass

Unconfirmed; possibly synthetic spinel (MgAl₂O₄) or cobalt-colored glass

Pearl necklace

Pearl, primarily aragonite (CaCO₃) and conchiolin

Amethyst cabochon

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron impurities and irradiation

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or cubic zirconia

Probably cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); diamond cannot be confirmed visually

Likely smoky quartz pendant

Smoky quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), quartz variety colored by irradiation-related defects

Opal stud earrings

Opal, hydrated amorphous silica (SiO₂·nH₂O)

Crushed Stone / Gravel

Aggregatus saxum (variable mineral composition)

Diamond ring

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C), likely colorless or near-colorless brilliant-cut stones set in gold

Emerald in Matrix

Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) with trace amounts of Chromium/Vanadium

Likely weathered granite or granitic gneiss fragment

Granite; primarily quartz, feldspar, and mica

Ferro-slag (Leland Blue/Slag Glass)

Anthropogenic Vitreous Silica (Industrial Slag)

Blue resin-coated or dyed stone cabochon

Likely dyed chalcedony/agate (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂); exact material is uncertain from the image

Vesicular basalt (possibly slag-contaminated)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase and pyroxene, with possible olivine and secondary minerals

Blue sapphire ring

Corundum (aluminum oxide, Al₂O₃), likely heat-treated sapphire

Polished, carved gemstone (possibly dyed agate or glass-like material)

Unconfirmed from the image; no specific mineral can be identified reliably

Clear quartz sphere

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), likely rock crystal or low-grade milky quartz

Diamond

Native Carbon (C)

Citrine (Heat-Treated)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Faceted yellow gemstone, likely citrine

Citrine (quartz), SiO₂; possibly yellow sapphire or synthetic glass without testing

Diamond (in a cluster setting)

Crystallized Carbon (C)

Diamond

Native Carbon (C)

Diamond (as set in a gold ring)

Carbon (C)

Fossilized gastropod (likely nerite or related sea snail)

Gastropoda; shell composed originally of aragonite/calcite, commonly replaced or infilled by calcite

Sandstone (likely Quartzose Sandstone)

Arenite

Rough Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with ferric iron impurities

Ruby (mounted cabochon)

Corundum, Al₂O₃; red color typically from chromium

Clear faceted gemstone, likely quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); exact identity cannot be confirmed from the glare-heavy image

Green-and-white terrazzo (likely serpentine/marble aggregate)

Composite decorative stone; probable serpentinite (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄) with white calcite marble fragments in cementitious matrix

Dyed Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - variety Chalcedony

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or quartz

Uncertain; possibly quartz (SiO₂), but the strong uniform brilliance and apparent molded/faceted form may indicate leaded glass or cubic zirconia

Opal cabochon

Hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O; likely common or synthetic opal

Polished obsidian

Volcanic glass; predominantly rhyolitic SiO₂

Diamond (in jewelry setting)

Carbon (C)

Chrysocolla in Malachite

Cu2CO3(OH)2 (Malachite) / Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Chrysocolla)