Synthetic (Man Made Material Mimicking Natural Stone)

Faceted green gemstone, possibly peridot

Uncertain from the image; peridot is gem-quality olivine, (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄

Polished stromatolite (likely fossilized microbial mat)

Fossil stromatolite; chiefly microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly replacing carbonate

Faceted Clear Gemstone (Likely Quartz or Cubic Zirconia)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) or Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Parti Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Dragon Vein Agate (Dyed/Treated)

Agate (SiO2)

Diamond

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

Blue-green tumbled gemstone, likely turquoise or dyed turquoise

Turquoise: hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; identification is uncertain from the blurry image

Red faceted gemstone, possibly ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), if ruby; image alone cannot confirm identity or natural origin

Conglomeratic concrete or asphalt aggregate surface with dark bituminous chunks

Polymictic gravel aggregate; dark pieces likely bitumen/asphalt, not a natural rock

Likely blue sapphire ring

Corundum (Al₂O₃), likely sapphire; surrounding stones may be diamonds or colored gems

Blue Goldstone

Aventurine Glass (SiO2 with Co and metallic inclusions)

Pink Dyed Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Variety Agate

Diamond (in Jewelry)

Carbon (C)

Green Agate

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Fossil or modern bivalve shell

Calcium carbonate shell, likely aragonite (CaCO₃); exact species cannot be determined from the image

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Bituminous Concrete / Pavement

Tumbled green beryl or glassy green gemstone

Likely beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈; possibly treated emerald or synthetic glass

Chert (Chalcedony/Agate)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Milky quartz (rough quartz fragment)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Black-and-white agate geode pendant

Agate (microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂), likely a hollow geode slice with chalcedony and drusy quartz

Faceted gemstones, likely assorted quartz or glass-like gems

Not determinable from the photograph; possible quartz (SiO₂), topaz, or synthetic cubic zirconia

Tumbled greenstone (likely serpentinite or green jasper)

Serpentinite, commonly dominated by serpentine-group minerals (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄); exact identification requires testing

Blue slag glass or dyed glass-like industrial material

Amorphous silicate glass; likely copper-bearing blue slag, but possibly colored man-made glass

Chert Concretion

Chert (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Faceted Clear Quartz or Diamond Simulant

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) if Quartz or Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2) if Synthetic

Cubic Zirconia and Synthetic Ruby Jewelry

Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2) and Synthetic Corundum (Al2O3)

Blue chalcedony cabochon (probable)

Chalcedony, a cryptocrystalline variety of quartz; silicon dioxide, SiO₂

Labradorite

Labradorite ((Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8)

Green Aventurine

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide with Fuchsite inclusions)

Tumbled orange chalcedony / jasper

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂, likely iron-stained chalcedony or quartz-rich jasper

Diamond jewelry pendant or cluster

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C), likely mounted in metal

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)

Carbon (C) / Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Cut gemstone ring, likely diamond

Diamond (carbon, C), faceted gemstone; exact stone identification is uncertain from the image

Weathered concrete or cementitious slab (not natural rock)

Artificial calcium-silicate cement composite; likely Portland cement concrete

Blue glassy mineral specimen, possibly blue topaz or aquamarine

Tentatively topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂) or beryl/aquamarine (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈); identification is limited by severe image blur

Raw Diamond

Carbon (C)

White cabochon gemstone, likely agate or chalcedony

Cryptocrystalline quartz (SiO₂), probably chalcedony/agate; exact identification is uncertain from the overexposed image

Aquamarine in Onyx / Blue Topaz Pendant

Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈) or Topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂)

Rounded pink granite cobble

Granite, chiefly quartz–alkali feldspar–plagioclase–biotite

Diamond ring

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C), likely a faceted mounted stone

Vesicular basalt (probable iron-rich volcanic rock)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase, clinopyroxene, olivine, and Fe-Ti oxides

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); possibly colorless quartz or laboratory diamond