Synthetic (Not A Natural Rock)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂); exact identification cannot be confirmed from the photograph

Diamond (or Diamond Simulant)

Carbon (C) if diamond, various if simulant

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), chromium-bearing; possibly lab-created ruby or red glass imitation

Red cabochon gemstone ring (likely ruby or red spinel; identity unconfirmed)

Possibly corundum (ruby, Al₂O₃) or spinel (MgAl₂O₄); visual identification alone cannot distinguish these from glass or synthetic stones.

Faceted Diamond or Cubic Zirconia

Carbon (C) for Diamond; Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) for CZ

Faceted color-change gemstone, likely synthetic alexandrite or glass imitation

Alexandrite: chrysoberyl, BeAl₂O₄; exact identification requires gemological testing

Silicon Carbide

Silicon Carbide, SiC

Opalite

Man-made Synthetic Glass (Silicon Dioxide with metal additives)

Clear faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic zirconium dioxide (ZrO₂), probably cubic zirconia; exact identification requires testing

Clear Quartz (Faceted) or Cubic Zirconia / Glass imitation

SiO2 (if Quartz), ZrO2 (if Cubic Zirconia)

Red gemstone, likely ruby

Corundum (Al₂O₃), colored red by chromium

Green Obsidian Sphere (man-made glass)

Vitreous Silica with Chromium/Iron additives

Lapis Lazuli

Lazurite-dominant rock, (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2

Man-made Glass (Tumbled/Shaped)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with metal oxide colorants

Goldstone (Red)

Aventurine Glass

Man-made Jewelry Charm (Enameled Metal)

Not a natural mineral; composed of base metal alloy (likely zinc or brass) and epoxy resin/enamel.

Blue gemstone, likely tumbled sapphire or blue spinel

Corundum (Al₂O₃) if sapphire; alternatively spinel (MgAl₂O₄)

Ruby (rough or poorly polished corundum)

Corundum, Al₂O₃; red gem-quality corundum is ruby

Synthetic Marbled Aggregate (Footwear Component)

Ethylene-vinyl acetate (Croslite™)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium traces)

Costume Jewelry Gemstones (Emerald-imitation and semi-precious beads)

BeCuAl6Si6O18 (Beryl structure), frequently simulated by glass or synthetic spinel

Faceted amethyst

Amethyst, purple variety of quartz (SiO₂)

Green faceted gemstone, likely emerald or synthetic emerald

Beryl, Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈, colored green by chromium and/or vanadium; identity cannot be confirmed visually

Purple diamond (rough gem-quality diamond)

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C)

Red faceted gemstone, possibly ruby (identification uncertain)

Ruby, if natural: corundum (Al₂O₃) colored by chromium

Emerald

Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆Oထ₈) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Blue cabochon gemstone, likely synthetic glass or dyed stone

Indeterminate from image; possible glass, synthetic spinel, sodalite, or lapis lazuli

Faceted clear gemstone in a gold-colored ring

Unidentified transparent faceted gem; possibilities include colorless quartz (SiO₂), glass, or diamond (C)

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Simulated Opal)

Asphalt (Road Aggregate)

Bituminous Conglomerate / Asphalt Concrete

Opalite (a synthetic glass, often confused with Opal)

Silicon dioxide glass (SiO2nH2O, for natural opal)

Cubic Zirconia (CZ)

Cubic Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Faceted clear gemstone, likely glass or cubic zirconia

Undetermined; could be synthetic cubic zirconia (ZrO₂) or cut glass (silica-based)

Likely slag or metallic industrial byproduct

Unidentified iron-rich ferrous slag; possibly magnetite-bearing slag

Blue sapphire (faceted gemstone)

Corundum, Al₂O₃; blue color typically from trace iron and titanium

Red corundum (ruby) crystal fragment

Corundum, Al₂O₃; ruby is red corundum colored mainly by chromium

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic ZrO₂), possibly glass or quartz

Opalite

Synthetic Opalised Glass

Star Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3)

Hematite bead bracelet

Hematite (Fe₂O₃), likely polished or magnetically enhanced beads

Blue glassy mineral fragment, possibly sodalite or dyed/cobalt glass

Uncertain; likely sodalite (Na₈Al₆Si₆O₂₄Cl₂) if natural, but vivid blue color may indicate cobalt-colored glass

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Synthetic cubic zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO₂); identity is visual and not definitive