Synthetic (Not A Natural Rock)

Mystic Topaz

Aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide with titanium coating (Al2SiO4(F,OH)2)

Rainbow carborundum (silicon carbide)

Silicon carbide, SiC; commonly synthetic moissanite/carborundum specimen

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Emerald and diamond ring

Emerald: beryl, Be3Al2Si6O18, colored green by chromium and/or vanadium; surrounding stones appear to be diamonds, crystalline carbon (C)

Opal cabochon

Hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O; likely common or synthetic opal

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Polished green-and-black banded cabochon (likely malachite imitation or dyed agate)

Uncertain; possible malachite (Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂), banded agate (SiO₂), or man-made glass

Sapphire (likely blue synthetic sapphire or blue glass in a ring)

Corundum (Al₂O₃), specifically the blue variety due to trace amounts of iron and titanium impurities. If synthetic, it would still be Al₂O₃.

Jadeite and Mixed Gemstones (Ruby, Sapphire, Emerald)

Jadeite (NaAlSi2O6), Corundum (Al2O3), Beryl (Be3Al2(Si6O18))

Blue Sapphire (in a faceted jewelry setting)

Corundum (Al2O3) with trace Iron and Titanium

Blue glass-like heart pendant, likely synthetic blue spinel or colored glass

Unconfirmed; possibly synthetic spinel (MgAl₂O₄) or cobalt-colored glass

Ruby (Corundum)

Corundum (Aluminum Oxide with Chromium), Al2O3:Cr

Small gold-colored jewelry piece with clear stones

Likely a metal setting holding small faceted gemstones; the stones cannot be identified from the image.

Orange cabochon gemstone, likely amber or amber-like resin

Natural amber: fossilized plant resin (organic mineraloid), commonly succinite; exact identification requires testing

Asphalt Concrete (Bituminous Conglomerate)

Anthropogenic Bituminous Conglomerate

Likely citrine or yellow glass imitation in a silver-tone bracelet

Citrine: quartz, SiO₂; exact material cannot be confirmed visually

Painted River Rock

Anthropogenic-modified Siliciclastic Sedimentary Rock

Goldstone (Brown)

Aventurine Glass (Silicon Dioxide infused with Copper crystals)

Diamond ring

Diamond, crystalline carbon (C), likely a faceted mounted stone

Eroded Brick or Pumice-like Scoria

Vesicular Basalt / Scoria (Anthropogenic variant: Eroded Firebrick)

Diamond

Diamond (Native Carbon, C)

Opalite glass sphere (likely synthetic imitation)

Man-made opalescent glass; not natural opal

Ruby (Faceted)

Corundum (Al2O3 with Cr trace elements)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with aluminum impurities and natural radiation

Sodium Polyacrylate (Superabsorbent Polymer)

Sodium Polyacrylate [-CH2-CH(COONa)-]n

Painted pebble, likely a smooth river stone

Unidentified fine-grained natural rock; exact lithology cannot be determined from the image

Iridescent opal-like specimen

Likely common opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O), possibly treated or synthetic

Asphalt / Road Aggregate

Bituminous Conglomerate (synthetic)

Obsidian (black volcanic glass)

Obsidian; predominantly rhyolitic volcanic glass, mainly SiO₂ with minor feldspar, quartz, and iron oxides

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Smoky Quartz

Smoky Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2)

Strawberry Quartz

Silicon Dioxide with Hematite inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Star ruby cabochon ring

Corundum, Al₂O₃ (ruby variety), displaying asterism

Blue glassy mineral specimen, possibly blue topaz or aquamarine

Tentatively topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂) or beryl/aquamarine (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈); identification is limited by severe image blur

Faceted purple gemstone, likely amethyst

Quartz (SiO₂), purple variety colored by trace iron and natural irradiation

Peridot gemstone pendant

Olivine, gem-quality forsteritic olivine (approximately (Mg,Fe)₂SiO₄)

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Diamond (faceted)

Diamond (Pure Carbon, C)

Limonite Concretion

Hydrated Iron Oxide-Hydroxide (FeO(OH)·n H₂O)

Pumice

Vesicular volcanic rock, primarily silica-rich volcanic glass (commonly rhyolitic or dacitic)

Diamond

Native Carbon (C)