Synthetic Glass (Often Categorized As A Simulated Mineral)

Ruby

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium impurities)

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Blue glassy mineral specimen, possibly dyed or synthetic

Uncertain; possible blue fluorite (CaF₂), dyed chalcedony, or man-made glass

Raw ruby (corundum)

Ruby variety of corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), colored chiefly by chromium

Emerald

Beryl (Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)‑₆) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Faceted quartz crystal sphere (likely rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Amethyst cabochon

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron impurities and irradiation

Ametrine

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide with iron impurities)

Chrysocolla in Malachite

Cu2CO3(OH)2 (Malachite) / Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Chrysocolla)

Diamond

Carbon (C), Native Element

Rainbow carborundum (silicon carbide)

Silicon carbide, SiC; commonly synthetic moissanite/carborundum specimen

Faceted color-change gemstone, likely synthetic alexandrite or glass imitation

Alexandrite: chrysoberyl, BeAl₂O₄; exact identification requires gemological testing

Assorted Semi-Precious Gemstone Crosses

Quartz, Silicates, Carbonates (various)

Carved labradorite fish

Labradorite, calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar (approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈)

Red/pink faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Corundum (Al₂O₃) if ruby; identity cannot be confirmed visually

Blue-green tumbled gemstone, likely turquoise or dyed turquoise

Turquoise: hydrated copper–aluminum phosphate, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; identification is uncertain from the blurry image

Amethyst (Tumbled)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Fe3+ impurities

Diamond

Diamond (pure Carbon, C)

Opal ring

Common opal, likely synthetic or assembled blue-green opal (hydrated amorphous silica, SiO₂·nH₂O)

Tiger’s-eye

Chatoyant quartz (SiO₂), commonly pseudomorphic quartz after crocidolite

Crystal Quartz Beads (likely Clear Quartz)

Quartz (SiO₂)

Ruby / Red Tourmaline

Corundum (Al2O3) or Elbaite (Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)4)

Opalite

Man-made Opalized Glass (Synthetic Glass)

Red gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or red glass; exact stone cannot be confirmed from the image

Ruby (corundum, Al₂O₃) if natural; the setting appears to be silver-tone metal

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Ruby: corundum, aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), chromium-colored; identity cannot be confirmed visually

Diamond (or synthetic simulant)

Cubic C (Carbon)

Carnelian

Carnelian (Cryptocrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Amethyst (faceted gemstone)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), purple variety colored mainly by iron-related defects

Clear Quartz (Rock Crystal)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia)

Carbon (C) or Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Pink Dyed Agate

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) - Variety Agate

Rough Corundum (likely Sapphire or Common Corundum)

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3)

Blue-green turquoise (probable)

Turquoise, hydrous copper aluminum phosphate — CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O

Ametrine

Ametrine (SiO2 - Silicon Dioxide with trace amounts of Iron)

Smoky Quartz (with Druzy/Polished Edge)

Smoky Quartz (Silicon Dioxide, SiO2)

Turquoise (beads)

Turquoise; CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O

Polished tiger’s eye

Quartz (microcrystalline SiO₂) with crocidolite-derived iron oxides

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium dioxide (ZrO2)

Ruby (in jewelry)

Corundum (Al2O3 with Chromium traces)

Likely citrine or yellow glass imitation in a silver-tone bracelet

Citrine: quartz, SiO₂; exact material cannot be confirmed visually

Emerald

Beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆Oထ₈) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities