Synthetic Glass (Often Categorized As A Simulated Mineral)

Larimar

Pectolite (NaCa2Si3O8(OH))

Strawberry Quartz

Silicon Dioxide with Hematite inclusions (SiO2 + Fe2O3)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely glass or quartz

Uncertain; possibly quartz (SiO₂), but the strong uniform brilliance and apparent molded/faceted form may indicate leaded glass or cubic zirconia

Composite Turquoise or Reconstituted Turquoise with Copper inclusions

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Turquoise) mixed with matrix and copper/bronze flakes

Chalcanthite

Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O)

Blue stone cabochon, likely lapis lazuli or dyed stone

Lapis lazuli: lazurite-rich rock, chiefly (Na,Ca)₈(AlSiO₄)₆(S,SO)₂; exact identification is uncertain from the image

Red gemstone ring, possibly synthetic ruby or red glass

Unidentified red stone; ruby is corundum (Al₂O₃), but the image cannot confirm its identity

Dyed Crackle Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with synthetic dye

Amethyst jewelry centerpiece

Amethyst, purple quartz (SiO₂), likely set with colorless diamonds or other gems

Blue faceted gemstone, likely sapphire

Corundum (Al₂O₃), likely blue sapphire; identity cannot be confirmed from the photograph alone

Pink Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3 with trace Chromium and Iron)

Bouncy Ball (Synthetic Rubber Polymer)

Polybutadiene / Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)

Cubic Zirconia

Zirconium Dioxide (ZrO2)

Painted River Rock

Artificially Coated Sedimentary Rock

Opalite

Man-made synthetic glass with opalescent effects (SiO2 + metal oxides)

Yellow faceted gemstone, likely citrine or yellow beryl

Quartz (SiO₂), if citrine; beryl (Be₃Al₂Si₆O₁₈), if heliodor

Blue Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chalcanthite

Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4·5H2O)

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Faceted blue gemstone ring, likely synthetic spinel or glass; identity uncertain

Possibly synthetic blue spinel (MgAl₂O₄) or laboratory sapphire (Al₂O₃); the clear side stones may be cubic zirconia or glass

Hematite cameo or hematine imitation

Hematite (Fe₂O₃); possibly synthetic hematine or black glass

Blue Goldstone

Aventurine Glass

Tiger’s eye

Quartz (SiO₂), fibrous pseudomorph after crocidolite

Smoky Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Tumbled labradorite beads

Labradorite, a calcium-rich plagioclase feldspar (approximately (Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈)

Green cabochon gemstone pendant, likely turquoise or dyed green turquoise

Probably turquoise, CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O; exact identification requires testing

Malachite

Copper carbonate hydroxide [Cu2CO3(OH)2]

Sapphire

Corundum (Al2O3)

Magnetite or Hematite-rich Ore

Magnetite (Fe3O4) or Hematite (Fe2O3)

Emerald

Beryl (Be3Al2(SiO3)6) with trace Chromium/Vanadium

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia

Cubic zirconia (synthetic ZrO₂), possibly glass or white sapphire

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely cubic zirconia or diamond

Uncertain from image; cubic zirconia (ZrO₂) is a common diamond simulant, while diamond is crystalline carbon (C)

Ruby (or potential synthetic/imitation)

Corundum (Al2O3)

Likely weathered pebble or mineral fragment

Indeterminate; possibly quartz-rich stone, iron-stained feldspar, or a small chert fragment

Painted Rock

Weathered Sedimentary Rock (Painted)

Red cabochon gemstone ring, likely synthetic ruby or red glass

Possibly corundum (Al₂O₃, chromium-colored); identity cannot be confirmed from the image

Diamond

Natural Diamond (Carbon, C)

Dalmatian Stone

Dalmatian Jasper (a misnomer) / Perthitic Feldspar Rock

Ruby (varieties of Corundum)

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with Chromium traces

Man-made Green Quartz (Lab-grown or Treated)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with artificial coloration

Red faceted gemstone, likely synthetic ruby or red spinel

Ruby: corundum (Al₂O₃); spinel: MgAl₂O₄; visual identification alone is insufficient