Anthropogenic Mineral Mimic

Slag Glass

Anthropogenic Amorphous Silicon Dioxide

Blue Slag Glass

Anthropogenic Amorphous Silicon Dioxide

Blue Glass or Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica (Anthropogenic Glass)

Iron-rich concretion or slag-like mineral fragment

Likely limonite/goethite (FeO(OH)·nH₂O), possibly magnetite-bearing material

Blue Howlite

Dyed Howlite (Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Possible fossilized bone fragment

Indeterminate mineralized bone; taxon and age cannot be determined from the photo

Dendritic Agate or Manganese Nodule in Chert/Limestone

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Manganese Oxide (MnO2) inclusions

Howlite (Dyed Turquoise)

Calcium Borosilicate Hydroxide (Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Chalcedony Rose

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert Concretion

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2) in Carbonate Matrix

Opalite

Synthesized glass / Silicon dioxide glass

Turquoise (Dyed Howlite/Magnesite imitation)

CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8·4H2O (Target mineral) / MgCO3 (Magnesite substrate)

Dendritic Agate (Tumbled)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Manganese/Iron oxide inclusions

Phantom Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions

Howlite

Howlite (Calcium Borosilicate Hydroxide: Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Dark gray shale or slate-like rock

Fine-grained, clay-rich mudrock; exact identification is uncertain from the photo

Green Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica Glass (Anthropogenic)

Carved opalite pendant

Opalite (man-made opalescent glass; not a natural mineral)

Howlite

Hydrated sodium calcium borosilicate, Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5

Gold-bearing rock, possibly native gold in quartz or ironstone matrix

Native gold (Au); matrix not identifiable from the image

Garden Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with various inclusions

Goldfish Cracker (Culinary Mimic)

Cibus aurum (Commonly composed of Enriched Wheat Flour and Cheddar Cheese)

Siltstone with Concretion

Siltstone (composed of hydraulic silicates and quartz particles)

Fossiliferous shale or slate with plant impressions

Carbonaceous mudstone/shale; possible fossil plant material (often fern-like impressions)

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Asphaltum / Bitumen-Aggregate Matrix

Polymer Clay (Mock Mineral)

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with plasticizers and pigment

Picture Jasper

SiO2 (Microcrystalline Quartz / Chalcedony with iron oxide impurities)

Asphalt (Bituminous Concrete)

Bituminous Concrete / Pavement

Sandstone Concretion

Limonitic Sandstone Concretion

Clear Quartz (faceted) / Diamond Simulant

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) / Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2)

Sandstone (specifically Picture Sandstone or Wonderstone)

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2)

Cherry Quartz with Rose Quartz

Crystalline Quartz (SiO2) with glass-based synthetic components

Crackled Quartz (Blue Dyed)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with anthropogenic dye

Slag (Industrial By-product)

Anthropogenic Vitreous Silica/Iron Silicate

Dyed Howlite (Turquenite)

Calcium Borosilicate Hydroxide (Ca2B5SiO9(OH)5)

Opalite

Synthetic glass (Opalite simulant)

Opalite

Synthetic Glass (Simulated Opal)

Asphalt Chunk (Bituminous Concrete)

Aggregated Bitumen / Artificial Breccia

Cullet Glass (Slag Glass)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (Industrial byproduct)

Iron Slag (Industrial Byproduct)

Anthropogenic Vitrification Product/Ferrous Slag

Smoky Quartz and Citrine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fossil bone, possibly a large mammal long-bone fragment

Fossilized cortical bone; taxon indeterminate from the photograph