Anthropogenic Specimen (Man Made)

Chert

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Granite

Granite (Felsic Plutonic Rock)

Banded Chert (River Stone)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Arenite (SiO2 with Fe2O3 inclusions)

Carved Stone Turtle

Carved Soapstone and Quartz

Black Chert River Stone

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sunstone

Andesine-Labradorite Feldspar ((Ca,Na)(Al,Si)4O8)

Riverstone (Sandstone Pebble)

Arenite (SiO2 with various lithic fragments)

Luminous Stone (Glow-in-the-dark Synthetic/Man-made Stone)

Strontium Aluminate tinted glass or resin (Crystalline silicate/oxide mix)

Aventurine

Aventurine Quartz (SiO2 with inclusions of Fuchsite)

Chert (Flint/Chalcedony)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Chert Arrowhead

Chert (Cryptocrystalline variety of Quartz, SiO2)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Chert (flint) fragment

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), commonly called chert; “flint” is a variety of chert

Dumortierite in Quartz

Dumortierite (Al6O3(BO3)(SiO4)3) with Quartz (SiO2)

Dark gray rounded stone, possibly basalt or slag

Uncertain; likely fine-grained basalt (plagioclase–pyroxene) or iron-rich industrial slag

Desert Rose (Gypsum)

Gypsum (Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate) - CaSO4·2H2O

Chert (specifically Jasper or Flint)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint or Jasper)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chalk

Calcite (CaCO3)

Botryoidal chalcedony with iron-oxide staining

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂), likely iron-oxide-bearing chalcedony

Pale green aventurine (likely quartz) sphere

Quartz, SiO₂; possibly pale green aventurine, with color from inclusions or treatment

Yellow chalcedony (likely lemon agate or yellow jasper)

Microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; possibly iron-bearing jasper or chrysoprase-like chalcedony

Stamped concrete made to resemble flagstone

Portland-cement concrete with decorative stone-textured finish

Banded Chert / Chalcedony

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Fossilized sea urchin

Echinoid test, likely a regular sea urchin; calcite (CaCO₃)

Moonstone

Orthoclase Feldspar ((K,Na)AlSi3O8) with Albite inclusions

Decorated turquoise-like bead or mineral pendant

Likely turquoise [CuAl₆(PO₄)₄(OH)₈·4H₂O], possibly dyed composite or blue-green jasper

Malaysian 50 Sen Coin

Coinage (specific alloy unknown without metallurgical analysis, but typically brass or bronze for this denomination and era)

Small dark rock fragment

Uncertain; possibly weathered basalt or slag

Chert (Polished River Pebble)

Chert (SiO2)

Likely tumbled epidote-bearing rock or green jasper

Epidote-group silicate, possibly in a jasper or serpentinite matrix

Rutilated Quartz

Quartz with Rutile inclusions (SiO2 with TiO2)

Iron-stained quartz-rich rock, possibly jasper or chert

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO₂) with iron oxides/hydroxides

Fine-grained gray stone, possibly slate

Slate (fine-grained metamorphosed mudstone); identification is uncertain from the image

Blue Slag Glass

Amorphous Silica (Byproduct of smelting)

Tumbled orbicular granite

Granite, predominantly potassium feldspar, plagioclase, quartz, and biotite/hornblende

Chert (Flint)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Probable amber fragment

Amber (fossilized plant resin; chiefly amorphous organic resin, commonly dominated by succinite)

Diamond in Kimberlite

Diamond (C in Kimberlite)

Green cabochon gemstone, likely aventurine or dyed chalcedony

Indeterminate from image; possible quartz variety (SiO₂), including aventurine quartz or chalcedony