Anthropogenic Specimen (Man Made Material)

Mother of Pearl (Nacre)

Aragonite (CaCO3) with Organic Matrix

Ferrous Slag

Iron/Steel Slag (Complex Calcium-Alumino-Silicates)

Man-made Crystal (Lead Glass)

Lead oxide-doped Silica Glass (approx. SiO2 + PbO)

Clear quartz fragment

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Diamond (or Simulant)

Carbon (C)

Goldstone (Brown/Gold)

Aventurine Glass (Man-made glass with Copper inclusions)

Man-made earbud charging case (Not a rock or mineral)

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Plastic with electronic components

Aura Quartz (Pink/Rose Aura Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) bonded with Platinum and/or Silver

Decorative mosaic cross containing mixed rock and glass fragments

Polychrome aggregate; likely quartz, feldspar, marble, granite, and assorted colored glass

Labradorite

Labradorite ((Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8)

Bouncy Ball (Synthetic Rubber Polymer)

Polybutadiene / Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA)

Cultured Marble (Synthetic)

Polymer-matrix composite (typically calcium carbonate in polyester resin)

Silicon Carbide (Carborundum)

Silicon Carbide (SiC)

Sea Glass

Silicon dioxide (mostly)

Polished black stone, likely black obsidian

Volcanic glass; predominantly rhyolitic silica glass (SiO₂-rich)

Tumbled milky quartz (likely)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Chert (often called Flint in archaeological contexts)

Microcrystalline or cryptocrystalline Silica (SiO2)

Tumbled clear quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Sandstone (with man-made markings)

Arenite (composed primarily of Quartz, SiO2)

Milky quartz (likely rough quartz crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Crescent Pebble

Weathered Quartzite or Sandstone Fragment

Quartz pebble (Quartztite fragment)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Weathered iron-rich concretion or ironstone nodule

Goethite–hematite limonite concretion (FeO(OH), Fe₂O₃, and hydrated iron oxides)

Vesicular basalt (probable iron-rich volcanic rock)

Basalt; chiefly plagioclase, clinopyroxene, olivine, and Fe-Ti oxides

Tumbled clear quartz (rock crystal)

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Tumbled milky quartz pebble

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂), likely milky quartz

Asphalt Chunk

Asphalt concrete

Chert Concretion

Chert (Microcrystalline Quartz, SiO2)

Likely tumbled or cut quartz/chalcedony fragment

Silicon dioxide (SiO₂), probably microcrystalline quartz or quartz

Blue glassy mineral specimen, possibly dyed or synthetic

Uncertain; possible blue fluorite (CaF₂), dyed chalcedony, or man-made glass

Tumbled quartz pebble

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), likely milky quartz

Opalite

Man-made Synthetic Glass (Silicon Dioxide with metal additives)

Blue opalite glass (likely man-made)

Opalite glass; a silica-based amorphous glass, not natural opal

Chert Arrowhead

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Polished labradorite sphere

Labradorite, calcic plagioclase feldspar ((Ca,Na)(Al,Si)₄O₈)

Rainbow Hematite (Titanium Coated)

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3) with Titanium/Metal Oxide coating

Pet Rock (Man-made Quartzite or Granite Cobble)

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) mixture; commonly composed of Quartz, Feldspar, and Mica

Opalite (likely man-made opalescent glass)

Opalite; not a true mineral, typically synthetic opalescent glass (silica-based)

Goldstone

Aventurine glass (Synthetic glass with copper inclusions)

Polished brown jasper (likely brecciated or orbicular jasper)

Microcrystalline quartz/chalcedony, SiO₂, with iron-oxide and other mineral inclusions

Blue Obsidian

Volcanic Glass (SiO2 with inclusions)

Green glass-like mineral specimen, likely fluorite

Fluorite (calcium fluoride, CaF₂), if natural; appearance may also indicate colored glass