Industrial By Product

Likely weathered basalt

Basalt; fine-grained mafic rock composed mainly of plagioclase, pyroxene, and commonly olivine or iron oxides

Milky Quartz Pebble with Iron Inclusions

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Dark igneous rock, likely basalt or andesite

Fine-grained mafic to intermediate volcanic rock; commonly plagioclase ± pyroxene, with possible iron-oxide staining

Native copper-bearing sulfide specimen

Likely chalcopyrite (CuFeS₂), possibly with native copper and iron oxides

Hematite

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Iron-stained quartz-bearing rock

Quartz-rich limonite/goethite specimen; exact identification requires testing

Lapis Lazuli

Lapis Lazuli (Metamorphic rock containing lazurite (Na,Ca)8(AlSiO4)6(S,Cl,SO4,OH)2, calcite, and pyrite)

Red Hematite (Iron Ore)

Hematite (Fe2O3)

Hematite

Iron (III) Oxide (Fe2O3)

Iron-oxide-stained rock, likely limonite/goethite-rich material

Likely goethite (α-FeO(OH)) and/or limonite (a mixture of hydrated iron oxides), staining a silicate-rich rock

Botryoidal hematite-goethite iron-oxide specimen

Hematite (Fe₂O₃) with goethite (FeO(OH)), likely coating quartz or iron-rich matrix

Chakra Stone Tower (Composite Multi-Mineral)

Crystalline Silicon Dioxide composite (SiO2) with various inclusions

Quartzite

Quartzite (SiO2)

Quartzite

SiO2 (Crystalline Quartz)

Weathered greenstone

Metabasalt (greenstone), likely chlorite–actinolite–epidote rock

Likely weathered granite or granitic pegmatite fragment

Granite/granitoid, chiefly quartz (SiO₂), feldspar, and mica

Fine-grained volcanic pebble, likely basalt

Basalt; commonly composed of plagioclase, pyroxene, and minor olivine or magnetite

Weathered porphyritic volcanic rock

Likely porphyritic andesite or basalt; exact identification requires a fresh surface and testing

Malachite cabochon or polished bead

Malachite, Cu₂CO₃(OH)₂

Fossil shell fragment (likely bivalve)

Bivalvia indeterminate; shell material chiefly aragonite or calcite (CaCO₃)

Kyanite-rich schist (probable)

Kyanite-bearing quartz–mica schist; kyanite, Al₂SiO₅

Milky quartz

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂)

Tumbled milky quartz pebble

Quartz (SiO₂), likely massive milky quartz

Red vesicular basalt (tumbled volcanic rock)

Vesicular basalt; predominantly plagioclase, pyroxene, and iron-rich olivine

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Tumbled yellow quartz

Quartz (SiO₂), likely iron-stained milky quartz or pale citrine

Pumice

Pumice (Vesicular Felsic Igneous Rock)

Scoria

Vesicular Mafic Igneous Rock

Chert (specifically Yellow/Common Opal or Jasper mixture)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Shungite

Non-crystalline carbon (Fullerenes / Carbon-60)

Green Aventurine

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with inclusions (typically Fuchsite)

Chert (Flint)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Yellow Jasper

SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)

Milky quartz / quartz-rich vein rock

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), likely massive quartz with minor iron-staining or feldspar

Milky quartz in weathered host rock

Quartz, silicon dioxide (SiO₂), likely with iron-stained feldspar or altered matrix

Mica-rich metamorphic rock, likely phyllite or mica schist

Quartz–muscovite phyllite/schist; commonly dominated by muscovite mica, quartz, and minor feldspar

Milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Pumice

Pumice (Volcanic Rock / Glass Froth)

Pumice

Pumice

Pumice

Pumice (a highly vesicular volcanic rock)