Industrial Byproduct (Anthropogenic Rock Like Material)

Clay Brick

Ceramic structural unit (Al2O3·2SiO2·2H2O as precursor)

Red Sandstone

Arenite (primarily Quartz with Hematite cement)

Tumbled dark stone, likely basalt or gabbro

Basalt (fine-grained mafic rock), possibly gabbro; mainly plagioclase and pyroxene

Blue slag glass or dyed glass-like industrial material

Amorphous silicate glass; likely copper-bearing blue slag, but possibly colored man-made glass

Quartz Pebble

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Shale

Laminated Mudstone (Shale)

Orange glassy slag (industrial by-product)

Iron-rich silicate glass; composition varies, commonly Fe–Ca–Al silicate

Brachiopod Fossil in Limestone

Phylum Brachiopoda (likely Order Spiriferida), CaCO3 (Calcite)

Basalt

Basalt (Aphanitic Mafic Volcanic Rock)

Basalt

Basalt (Aphanitic Mafic Igneous Rock)

Granitic Pegmatite

Granite Pegmatite (coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock)

Epidote-rich rock (likely epidotite or altered basalt)

Epidote, Ca₂(Al,Fe³⁺)₃(SiO₄)₃(OH); possibly epidote-bearing mafic rock

Peridotite (Dunite/Peridot Xenolith)

Peridotite (predominantly Olivine (Mg, Fe)2SiO4)

Bauxite

Bauxite (Mixture of Al(OH)3, AlO(OH), and Fe2O3)

Weathered iron-rich quartz vein in altered host rock

Goethite–hematite limonite with quartz and iron-oxide alteration

Blue-gray stone pebble (possibly slag or a weathered rock)

Unidentified fine-grained rock; composition cannot be determined from the image

Dalmatian jasper

Quartz-bearing alkali feldspar syenite/porphyritic igneous rock, commonly marketed as Dalmatian jasper

Clear Quartz / Diamond (untested)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) or Carbon (C)

Colorless faceted gemstone, likely quartz

Quartz (SiO₂), probably rock crystal; exact identification is uncertain from the strongly backlit image

Sandstone (Quartz-rich)

Arenite (primarily SiO2)

Quartzite

Quartzite (primarily SiO2)

Basalt

Aphanitic Mafic Volcanic Rock (Fe/Mg rich)

Quartz crystal with dark inclusions

Quartz (SiO₂), likely tourmaline- or chlorite-included quartz

Quartz-rich polymict conglomerate (possibly hydrothermal breccia)

Clast-supported polymict conglomerate dominated by quartz; includes chalcedony/quartz and dark lithic clasts

Pebble

Lithic fragment / Water-worn rock

Fulonite (Fulgurite-like)

Fulgurite (SiO2 fused silica/lechatelierite)

Kimberlite

Kimberlite

Polished brecciated jasper

Jasper, an opaque microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂), with iron-oxide coloration and possible breccia fragments

Vesicular basalt (possibly slag-like volcanic rock)

Basalt, predominantly plagioclase–pyroxene–olivine; exact identification is uncertain from the photograph

Sandstone (Ferruginous)

Clastic sedimentary rock (primarily SiO2 with Fe2O3 cement)

Quartz-rich geode or mineralized cavity in host rock

Likely a quartz-bearing geode; the pale crystals may be quartz (SiO₂), but the photo is not detailed enough for a firm identification.

Green aventurine (likely)

Quartz, SiO₂, containing fuchsite mica or other green inclusions

Limestone

Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3)

Anthracite Coal

Anthracite (Carbon C)

Basalt

Extrusive Igneous Basalt

Vesicular Basalt

Mafic Igneous Rock (primarily Plagioclase and Pyroxene)

Arsenopyrite with Schist Matrix

Arsenopyrite (FeAsS)

Sandstone

Sedimentary Rock (Quartz arenite)

Red Jasper (Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Iron impurities

Chert (Yellow Jasper variant)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Anthracite coal (likely)

Anthracite; carbon-rich coal composed mainly of maceral vitrinite, with variable mineral impurities

Quartzite

Quartzite (SiO2)