Man Made Material (Constructed)

Chert (Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chert (often called Flint)

Chert (SiO2)

Green Slag Glass

Cullet (Amorphous Silicon Dioxide with impurities)

Amber cabochon pendant

Amber (fossilized plant resin), chiefly polymerized diterpenoid resin

Red jasper (likely)

Jasper, an opaque microcrystalline variety of quartz (SiO₂), colored by iron oxides

Black-and-white agate or onyx bead necklace

Variegated chalcedony (microcrystalline SiO₂), possibly black-and-white banded agate; some black beads may be dyed chalcedony or hematite

Bituminous Coal (with Anthracite or Vitrinite inclusion)

Organic-rich Sedimentary Rock (Carboniferous classification)

Chert (often called Flint or Agate nodule)

Cryptocrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Chipped Glass/Plastic Fragment

Silicon dioxide (SiO2) for glass (amorphous) or various polymer compounds for plastic

Blue faceted gemstone ring, likely synthetic sapphire or blue topaz

Uncertain from image; possible corundum (Al₂O₃) or topaz (Al₂SiO₄(F,OH)₂)

Tumbled ruby-in-zoisite (likely)

Ruby-bearing zoisite; zoisite Ca₂Al₃(SiO₄)₃(OH), corundum ruby Al₂O₃

Paving-concrete aggregate with a rounded stone

Polymictic gravel aggregate; the central clast appears to be weathered sandstone or volcanic rock

White cabochon gemstone, likely milky chalcedony or opalite

Chalcedony: microcrystalline quartz, SiO₂; appearance may also indicate synthetic opalite glass

Yellow Chert (Chalcedony)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Coquina / Fossiliferous Limestone

Coquina (composed primarily of Calcium Carbonate / CaCO3)

Aragonite Star Cluster

Aragonite (Calcium Carbonate, CaCO3)

Graphite

Graphite (Carbon, C)

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Polished yellow-green serpentine pendant

Serpentine-group minerals, chiefly antigorite and/or lizardite; approximate formula Mg3Si2O5(OH)4

Chert (Flint)

Microcrystalline quartz (SiO2)

Larimar

Pectolite

Sandstone

Arenite

Slag

Ferrous Slag (Siliceous industrial waste)

Tumbled milky quartz

Quartz (silicon dioxide, SiO₂)

Flint / Chert

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Tumbled greenstone (likely serpentinite or green jasper)

Serpentinite, commonly dominated by serpentine-group minerals (Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄); exact identification requires testing

Likely weathered iron-rich rock or slag fragment

Uncertain; possibly limonite/goethite-rich material (FeO(OH)·nH₂O)

Faceted Glass (Costume Jewelry)

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide with colorants (Glass)

Blue glass-like tumbled specimen

Most likely cobalt-blue slag glass or manufactured glass; not confidently identifiable as a natural mineral from the image

Sandstone (Pebble)

Sandstone (arenite, arkose, wacke depending on composition)

Porous limestone (likely fossiliferous or weathered limestone)

Calcite-rich limestone; chiefly calcium carbonate (CaCO₃)

Ferrochrome Slag

Industrial Glassy Slag (Fe-Cr alloy byproduct)

Petrified Wood

Silicified Wood (SiO2)

Sandstone

Arenite (siliciclastic sedimentary rock composed mostly of quartz)

Chert (often called Flint)

Microcrystalline Quartz (SiO2)

Sandstone (Red/Brown Variety)

Arenite (composed primarily of SiO2 with Fe2O3 iron oxide inclusions)

Green Glass Cullet / Recycled Glass

Amorphous Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with various metal oxides

Diamond

Carbon (C)

Blue-beaded gemstone jewelry, likely lapis lazuli or dyed blue agate

Uncertain from the image; possible lazurite-bearing lapis lazuli (Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂S) or blue chalcedony (SiO₂)

Natural or Cultured Pearl

Calcium Carbonate (Aragonite and Conchiolin), CaCO3

Diamond (or Simulant)

Carbon (C) or Cubic Zirconia (ZrO2)